nicotinic ligands have been studied as novel therapeutic interventions in pain therapeutics since a long time. several nicotinic agonists have been withdrawn from later stages of clinical trials due to lack of efficacy or narrow therapeutic window. these have been documented to act in the central nervous system and produce a wide range of pharmacological effects, including memory enhancing and ...

Objective(s): Cholinergic neurons are important neurons in the Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT). In this study, nicotinic receptor of the PPT in central cardiovascular regulation in the anesthetized rat was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Saline, acetylcholine (Ach; doses: 90 and 150 nmol), hexamethonium (Hexa; doses: 100 and 300 nmol) and higher doses of Hexa (300 nmol) + Ach (150 nm...

These investigations originated in studying the basis of a method for microbiological assay of nicotinic acid (McIlwain & Stanley, 1948). The method was that in which acid produced from glucose by Lactobacillus arabinosus 17-5 is titrated with alkali after a period of incubation of about 3 days. The assay depends on the empirical observation that the quantity of titratable acid produced during ...

1. Acetylcholine (ACh) elicited depolarization and an increase in input conductance of the somatic muscle cells of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. 2. The relative potency of nicotinic and muscarinic agents was studied in this preparation. The order of potency of these compounds was metahydroxy-phenylpropyltrimethylammonium (HPPT) greater than 1.1 dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium (DMPP) greate...

In this work we describe how the signal enhancements obtained through the SABRE process in methanol-d4 solution are significantly affected by pH. Nicotinic acid (vitamin B3, NA) is used as the agent, and changing pH is shown to modify the level of polarisation transfer by over an order of magnitude, with significant improvements being seen in terms of the signal amplitude and relaxation rate at...

Coffea arabica (arabica) and Coffea canephora (robusta) are the most important coffee species. Arabica has higher commercial value and, in general, more favorable sensory characteristics. After roasting, analytical methods are required to differentiate species. Blends with different proportions of arabica/robusta coffees, roasted at three degrees were studied. Color parameters and the levels of...

Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate represents a newly identified second messenger in T cells involved in antigen receptor-mediated calcium signalling. Its function in vivo is, however, unknown due to the lack of biocompatible inhibitors. Using a recently developed inhibitor, we explored the role of nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate in autoreactive effector T cells during ...

Knowledge of the accessory growth factors concerned in the physiology of lactose-fermenting yeasts was needed in an investigation of fermentation that was being conducted by the Bureau of Dairy Industry. Since information on nicotinic acid requirements for the growth of yeasts not fermenting lactose was at best fragmentary and incomplete and information on lactose-fermenting yeasts was complete...

In this study, we show robust nicotinic excitation of pyramidal neurons in layer VI of prefrontal cortex. This layer contains the corticothalamic neurons, which gate thalamic activity and play a critical role in attention. Our experiments tested nicotinic excitation across postnatal development, using whole-cell recordings in prefrontal brain slices from rats. These experiments showed that laye...