During the analysis of the La (SS-B) autoantigen for catalytic activities an ATP-dependent double-stranded RNA unwinding activity was detected. Both native and recombinant La proteins from different species displayed this activity, which could be inhibited by monospecific anti-La antibodies. La protein was able to melt dsRNA substrates with either two 3'-overhangs or a single 3'- and a 5'-overh...

λ exonuclease degrades one strand of duplex DNA in the 5'-to-3' direction to generate a 3' overhang required for recombination. Its ability to hydrolyze thousands of nucleotides processively is attributed to its ring structure, and most studies have focused on the processive phase. Here we have used single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to reveal three phases of λ exonuc...

In Arabidopsis thaliana, Dicer-like 3 (DCL3) and Dicer-like 4 (DCL4) cleave long, perfect double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) into 24 and 21 nucleotides (nt) small interfering RNAs, respectively, which in turn function in RNA-directed DNA methylation and RNA interference, respectively. To reveal how DCL3 and DCL4 individually recognize long perfect dsRNAs as substrates, we biochemically characterized...

Recent data indicate that loss of the protective telomeric capping function leads to active degradation of the telomeric G-strand overhang and DNA ligase IV-mediated non-homologous end joining. These molecular events may contribute to genomic instability early in tumorigenesis.

Pot1, a telomere end-binding protein in fission yeast and human, is proposed not only to cap telomeres but also to recruit telomerase to the ends of chromosomes. No study has been performed regarding Pot1 expression status in human cancers. Thus, we examined POT1 mRNA expression in 51 gastric cancer (GC) tissues and evaluated telomere length and 3' telomeric overhang signals in 20 of the 51 GC ...

We develop a theory to show how mark-to-market accounting and shareholder–debt holder agency con‡icts interact to a¤ect the prudential regulation of a …nancial institution. We demonstrate that, relative to a benchmark historical cost regime, mark-to-market accounting could alleviate the ine¢ ciencies arising from asset substitution, but exacerbate those arising from the incentives to choose low...

A corrugated box's compression strength can easily be affected by how the box is used, including pallet overhang which reduces a effective (BCT). The specific impact of given amount on BCT remains poorly defined. In current study, range sizes and constructions were examined in over dozen single-side configurations five adjacent-side scenarios to identify key factors contributing loss strength, ...