the coexistence of medullary thyroid carcinoma (mtc), papillary thyroid carcinoma (ptc) and parathyroid adenoma is an uncommon clinical entity. here, we report a case of mtc, ptc, and parathyroid adenoma diagnosed incidentally on a routine physical examination of the neck for the work-up of diabetes. the patient had neither symptoms of hypercalcemia nor those related to mtc and ptc.

 Abstract Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is autonomous production of parathyroid hormone. After removal of adenoma, one of the surgeons concern is postoperative hypocalcaemia. There is no precise method to determine if patients have hypocalcaemia postoperatively. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between parathyroid adenoma weights, postoperative serum calcium and...

Background: Cadmium toxicity has been shown in aquatic animals but the effect on frog’s endocrine glands is not known. We investigated the effects of cadmium on ultimobranchial and parathyroid glands of Indian skipper frog, Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis. Methods: Frogs were exposed to cadmium chloride for short and long terms and sacrificed after 24, 48, 72 or 96 h (short-term) and after 5, 10, 1...

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) influence hair follicles through paracrine and intracrine routes. There is significant evidence that PTH and PTHrP influence the proliferation and differentiation of hair follicle cells. The PTH/PTHrP receptor signalling plays an important role in the hair follicle cycle and may induce premature catagen-telogen transition...

Parathyroid adenoma is a benign tumor of the parathyroid glands. The cause of most parathyroid adenomas is unknown. Parathyroid adenoma increases the secretion of parathyroid hormone and results in primary hyperparathyroidism. High amounts of parathyroid hormone in the blood cause the imbalance of calcium, which leads to various complications such as kidney stones, depression, lethargy, nausea,...

BACKGROUND Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Preoperative serum calcium and intact-parathyroid hormone levels are the most useful diagnostic parameters that allow differentiating primary hyperparathyroidism from non-parathyroid-dependent hypercalcemia. Parathyroidectomy is the definitive treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. Approximately 5% of pa...

The present study determined the effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on serum immunoactive parathyroid hormone and on parathyroid hormone secretion in vitro. Rats injected i.p. with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 130 pmol (2 U)/140 g body wt, which is probably a physiologic dose, had a significant 43% decrease in serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone at 4 h. In addition, this dose of 1,...

ment” (J. B. van Helmont, the beginning of XVII century). 300th anniversary of the founding of the Academy of Sciences (Berlin, 1700). 150th anniversary of the supposition of the existence of intermediate metabolism (C. Bernard, 1850). 100th anniversary of the founding of the Nobel Prize (June 29, 1900). 100th anniversary of the discovery of the regulatory peptide carnosine (V. Gulevich, 1900)....

A case is described of primary hyperparathyroidism in a patient with both a parathyroid cyst within the thymus gland and a concomitant parathyroid adenoma. The parathyroid adenoma contained microcystic areas of degeneration, and it is thought that the parathyroid cyst reflected degenerative change in a pre-existing adenoma. Parathyroid cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ...

an ectopically placed parathyroid in the mediastinum is a rare cause of persistent or recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism. they are rarely in a huge size. we report a case of a 70-year-old man with a history of total parathyroidectomy and thymectomy presented with a lack of appetite, nausea, and generalized bone pain, polydipsia and a calcium level of 14.4 mg/dl. 99m tc-sestamibi scintigraphy...