PURPOSE To assess the reliability of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) in pediatric patients by comparing complications between pediatric patients and adults by use of the modified Clavien grading system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data of 74 pediatric (0 to 16 years) and 535 adult (17 years and older) patients who underwent PNL owing to kidney stone disease between January 2005 and December ...

UNLABELLED Pediatric patients with diabetes are managed with increasingly complex regimens. To optimally manage these patients during the perioperative period, pediatric anesthesiologists must carefully consider the pathophysiology of the disease, patient-specific methods of treatment, status of glycemic control, and the type of surgery proposed. Important pediatric issues, including body size,...

Background: Children with brain tumors experience potential neurologic complications when are treated radiotherapy, especially if done frequently under anesthesia. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the associated anesthesia in pediatrics radiotherapy Methods: cross-sectional consisted of 133 pediatric patients a tumor who needed for performing and were referred Omid Charity Hospital Imam...

The story of volatile anesthetics being “friendly” for the brain originated many years ago with the observation that anesthetized patients seemed to experience minimal or no neurologic injury after cardiac arrest. In the ensuing years, animal cerebral ischemia models were studied to evaluate volatile anesthesia neuroprotection. (1) Although cardiac arrest rarely occurs in pediatric anesthesia, ...

Introduction Epidural blockade in children continues to grow in popularity with increasing applications in the operating room and beyond. In infants and children, epidural anesthesia is most commonly performed in conjunction with general anesthesia as a means of providing postoperative analgesia or as a combined general-regional anesthetic technique to limit the requirements for general anesthe...

Emergence agitation (EA) can be a distressing side effect of pediatric anesthesia. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 7 pediatric oncology patients who received low-dose ketamine in conjunction with propofol for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) repeatedly for radiation therapy. EA signs were observed in all 7 patients in association with propofol TIVA but did not recur in any of 123 ...

BACKGROUND Desflurane has the most rapid onset and offset of action among the volatile anesthetic agents used for general anesthesia, but it can cause airway reactivity, tachycardia, and hypertension during induction, especially in pediatric patients. This study was designed to determine a median effective effect-site concentration (EC(50)) of remifentanil to prevent the cardiovascular changes ...

www.aana.com/aanajournalonline.aspx Emergence agitation (EA) can be a distressing side effect of pediatric anesthesia. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 7 pediatric oncology patients who received low-dose ketamine in conjunction with propofol for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) repeatedly for radiation therapy. EA signs were observed in all 7 patients in association with propofol T...

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) has become an important treatment modality in pediatric oncology, but its delivery to young children with cancer is challenging and general anesthesia is often needed. METHODS To evaluate whether a psychoeducational intervention might reduce the need for anesthesia, 223 consecutive pediatric cancer patients receiving 4141 RT fractions during 244 RT courses between...

Background: Because of airway stimulations during the bronchoscopy and lack of direct access to the airway, preferred method of anesthesia for rigid bronchoscopy is already controversial. In this study we compared inhalation anesthesia with total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) for rigid bronchoscopy. Method and Materials: 30 patients aged 2-6 years were chosen divided on two same groups. Anesthe...