The second-harmonic injection strategy for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) can effectively suppress the capacitor voltage fluctuation in steady states. However, under grid-side single-line-to-ground (SLG) faults will be more severe. Moreover, there is no research on mitigation of SLG hybrid MMC with mixed half-bridge and full-bridge sub-modules. To address this issue MMCs, an optimal curre...

This paper proposes a protection method for single line-to-ground (SLG) faults in an ungrounded offshore wind farm with fully-rated converter-based wind turbines. The proposed method uses the unsynchronized current phasors measured by unit protections installed at the connection point of the fully-rated converter (FRC)-based wind turbines (WTs). Each unit protection collects the unsynchronized ...

Natural fault surfaces exhibit roughness at all scales, with root-mean-square height fluctuations of order 10−3 to 10−2 times the profile length. We study earthquake rupture propagation on such faults, using strongly rate-weakening fault friction and offfault plasticity. Inelastic deformation bounds stresses to reasonable values and prevents fault opening. Stress perturbations induced by slip o...

Developing pole-to-ground (PG) fault models for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) is not straightforward due to the asymmetry and converter switching concerning blocking characteristics. Various studies have been carried out regarding transient simulation of PG faults. However, there a lack analytical first stage fault. Therefore, this work proposes an approximated model faults in half-bridg...

This work presents a Binary Integer Linear Programming (BILP) formulation for the problem of optimal allocation meters, considering two objectives: minimizing number meters and maximizing identifiable faults. The was tested on 15- bus European Medium Voltage System CIGRE´, inclusion distributed generator possibility operating system as weekly meshed network. Instances with solid single-phase A-...

Abstract— This paper presents the model of a static VAR compensator (SVC) which is controlled externally by a Proportional Integral Differential (PID) controller for the improvements of voltage stability and damping effect of an on line power system. The PID controller parameters has been selected by using Ziegler-Nichols tuning rule method. Both single phase and three phase faults have been co...

Phase clocks are synchronization tools that implement a form of logical time in distributed systems. For systems tolerating transient faults by self-repair of damaged data, phase clocks can enable reasoning about the progress of distributed repair procedures. This paper presents a phase clock algorithm suited to the model of transient memory faults in asynchronous systems with read/write regist...

We developed an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850-based centralized protection scheme to prevent single line-to-ground (SLG) faults in the feeders and busbars of ungrounded distribution systems. Each feeder intelligent electronic device (IED) measures its zero-sequence current voltage signals periodically transmits phasors a central IED via Generic Oriented Object Substation...