The maturity of green coffee beans is the most influential determinant of the quality and flavor of the resultant coffee beverage. However, the chemical compounds that can be used to discriminate the maturity of the beans remain uncharacterized. We herein analyzed four distinct stages of maturity (immature, semi-mature, mature and overripe) of nine different varieties of green Coffea arabica be...

seed loss at harvesting time is one of the factors reducing seed yield in at farms. this study was carried out within a research farm in karaj to evaluate and select a proper pinto bean line for mechanized harvesting at two moisture contents during harvesting and their effect on seed yield and yield loss among three lines of pinto bean. the experiment was split-plot based on randomized complete...

Legumes may protect against myocardial infarction (MI). The objective of this study was to determine whether consumption of dried mature beans (referred to as beans), the main legume in Latin America, is associated with MI. The cases (n 2119) were survivors of a first acute MI and were matched by age, sex, and area of residence to randomly selected population controls (n 2119) in Costa Rica. Di...

OBJECTIVE Combating iron deficiency in toddlers with iron-fortified food has proved difficult in countries with phytate-rich diets. For this purpose, a new haem iron preparation was developed. The study compared changes in iron status after administration of refried beans with beans fortified with a haem iron preparation or ferrous sulphate (FeSO4). DESIGN In a masked, stratified-randomised i...

Low-temperature blanching of vegetables activates the enzyme pectin methylesterase (PME), which demethylates cell wall pectins and improves tissue firmness. This temperature activation of PME has been investigated by measuring the formation of methanol in intact tissue of green beans and tomatoes. Rates of methanol formation at temperatures of 35-65 degrees C were obtained by measuring the rele...

The effect of soaking and roasting velvet beans (Mucuna pruriens) on nitrogen utilization and rumen microbial protein synthesis in goats was investigated. Sixteen goats were randomly assigned to four diets in a completely randomized design. Goats were fed a basal diet of Cynodon dactylon hay plus 30% soaked (treatment 1), 30% roasted (treatment 2) and 30% untreated velvet bean (treatment 3). Th...

In an influential 1977 article in Mother Jones magazine, journalist Ma•k Dowie accused Ford Motor Company executives of callously deciding to produce and continuing to market he Pinto (which he labeled a "firetrap") even after company crash tests showed that its gas tank would mptu•e in rea•end collisions at relatively low speeds [Dowie, 1977]. This reprehensible decision, according to Dowie's ...