We study the effects of credit risk in a supply chain where one retailer deals with competing risky suppliers who may default during their production lead-times. The suppliers, who compete for business with the retailer by establishing wholesale prices, are leaders in a Stackelberg game with the retailer. The retailer, facing uncertain future demand, chooses order quantities while weighing the ...

While achieving fruitful patents in innovation, enterprises can face bottlenecks industrial transformation. The fundamental cause of such difficulties is the lack pilot equipment. To this end, science and technology (S&T) innovation platform introduces equipment sharing to solve problems transforming enterprise patents. Based on premise that service demand endogenous effort user relationshi...

This paper considers a decentralized supply chain in which a single supplier sells a perishable product to a single retailer facing uncertain demand. We assume that the supplier and the retailer are both risk averse and utilize Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), a risk measure method which is popularized in financial risk management, to estimate their risk attitude. We establish a buyback policy...

The paper describes competition within a supply network with parallel distribution channels. Each chain in the is composed of manufacturer and retailer. Manufacturers sell two complementary products to retailers, who then deliver end consumers. All players can bundle or not their assuming that retail market presents mixed bundling setting. motivation this study mainly analyze impact cost reduct...

a r t i c l e i n f o The paper studies a two-echelon supply chain comprising one manufacturer and two competing retailers with advertising cost dependent demand. The manufacturer acts as the Stackelberg leader who specifies wholesale price for each retailer. The two retailers compete with each other in advertising and they have different sales costs. The manufacturer uses one of the following ...

We propose algorithms for pricing a transportation network in such a way that the profit generated by the customers is maximized. We model the transportation network as a subset of the plane and take into account the fact that the customers minimize their own transportation cost. The underlying theory is a two-player game model called Stackelberg games. We propose algorithms for the cases where...

*Correspondence: [email protected] School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, China Abstract This paper considers a pricing and remanufacturing problem in closed-loop supply chain which includes one dominant manufacturer and one retailer under uncertain environment. The remanufacturing cost, market demand, and collection cost are characterized as unce...

Several real problems in telecommunication, transportation, and distribution industries can be well analyzed by network flow models. In revenue management, pricing plays a primary role which increases the profit generated from a limited supply of assets. Pricing decision directly affects the amount of service or product demand. Hence, in traditional maximum flow problem, we assume that the dema...