While there is no known cure for HPV, prophylactic vaccination provides effective method of primary prevention against HPV related diseases. However, many females and males never receive the HPV vaccine as recommended. There are multiple barriers to vaccination, and these barriers can be identified as parental, provider, or systemlevel. Understanding these barriers and developing strategies tha...

The fast increasing stroke burden across all countries of the world suggests that currently used primary stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention strategies are not sufficiently effective. In this article, we overview the gaps in, and pros and cons of, population-wide and high-risk prevention strategies. We suggest that motivating and empowering people to reduce their risk of having a...

1. With conflicting data on early life exposure to pets, no general recommendation can be made with regard to avoiding pets for primary prevention of allergy and asthma (level III). However, families with biparental atopy should avoid having cats or dogs in the home (level II). 2. There are conflicting and insufficient data for physicians to recommend for or against breastfeeding specifically f...

In this paper, we study the relationship between prevention and savings and analyze their socially optimal levels. In a first part, we analyze optimal decisions of primary prevention and savings when individuals face a health risk involving expenses that can not be covered by any insurance (private or public). We take into account the possibility for the individuals to underestimate or overesti...

Conceptual research to define the Precautionary Principle and its role in science, science policy, and public health is making substantial progress. In September 2001, participants at the International Summit on Science and the Precautionary Principle developed a vision for science to address the complexity of contemporary health risks in a way that could lead to more precautionary, preventive ...

OBJECTIVE This study examined the long-term effect of an early prevention program on mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices with regard to their children's development. The prevention program focused on increasing the mothers' sensitivity to their children's needs and their awareness of the importance of their role in their children's early development. METHOD Fifty-five mothers and the...

OBJECTIVE This study reviewed the news media coverage of statins, seeking to identify specific trends or differences in viewpoint between media outlets and examine common themes. DESIGN The study is a content analysis of the frequency and content of the reporting of statins in a selection of the British newsprint media. It involved an assessment of the number, timing and thematic content of a...

Adolescents and young women, particularly in South Africa, are at increased risk of HIV acquisition. To date, we have had limited primary prevention options to offer. Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an additional prevention modality that has now been proven to reduce HIV acquisition in those who take it consistently during periods of HIV infection exposure. We review the PrEP evidence i...

OBJECTIVES To measure variations in the Holland and Charlton classifications of avoidable death causes and to estimate the effect of the Spanish national health system on avoidable mortality. DESIGN Mortality in the Valencian Community was assessed between 1975 and 1990. The classifications of Holland and Charlton, used to assess avoidable causes of death, were compared. Holland's classificat...