We present an overview of comparative genomics of ATP-dependent DNA packaging systems of viruses. Several distinct ATPase motors and accessory proteins have been identified in DNA-packaging systems of viruses such as terminase-portal systems, the 29-like packaging apparatus, and packaging systems of lipid inner-membrane-containing viruses. Sequence and structure analysis of these proteins sugge...

Packaging protects food products from environmental influences, assuring quality and safety throughout shelf life if properly performed. Packaging quality depends on the quality of the packaging material and of the closure or seal. A common problem possibly jeopardizing seal quality is the presence of seal contamination, which can cause a decreased seal strength, an increased packaging failure ...

Different functions have been proposed for the hand gestures speakers spontaneously produce while speaking. The Information Packaging Hypothesis (Kita, 2000) states that gestures can structure rich spatio-motoric information into packages suitable for speaking. It therefore predicts that how information is divided over different gestures affects how it is divided over different processing units...

apricot is climacteric and its ripening process is regulated by ethylene, therefore, inhibiting ethylene biosynthesis or action should slow the ripening process. this study was conducted to decrease materials losses and increase storage life of fruit by proper packaging. different packaging (polyethylene film, polyethylene film with ethylene absorbent, shrink pack and control) were used. after ...

In response to the dynamic changes in current consumer demand and market trends, the area of Active Packaging (AP) is becoming increasingly significant. Principal AP systems include those that involve oxygen scavenging, moisture absorption and control, carbon dioxide and ethanol generation, and antimicrobial (AM) migrating and nonmigrating systems. Of these active packaging systems, the AM vers...

Protein compositional data can address nutritional, packaging, origin/authenticity, processing history, safety and other quality questions. Such data has been time-consuming and expensive to generate until recently but "protein analysis on a chip" systems are now available that can analyze a complex food sample in a few minutes and do not require great protein analytical expertise. We review so...

Digital's AlphaServer multiprocessor systems are high-performance servers that combine multiprocessing technology with PC-style I/O subsystems. The system architecture allows four processing nodes, four memory nodes (up to a maximum of 2 GB), and two I/O nodes. All nodes communicate through a system bus. The system bus was designed to support multiple generations of Alpha processor technology. ...

identification of customer needs and interests is one of the business managers’ most important steps in responding to them. since most of the purchasing decisions of the customers are made at the point of purchasing and since food products packaging is one the first concepts the customers examine in facing those products, the identification of optimum packaging elements influencing the customer...