Sites of replication in synchronized HeLa cells were visualized by light and electron microscopy; cells were permeabilized and incubated with biotin-16-dUTP, and incorporation sites were immunolabelled. Electron microscopy of thick resinless sections from which approximately 90% chromatin had been removed showed that most DNA synthesis occurs in specific dense structures (replication factories)...

BACKGROUND In Ireland, every animal is examined at slaughter for its fitness for human consumption. The aim of this study was to determine the relative effectiveness of factories in submitting and subsequently in having suspect lesions confirmed as bovine tuberculosis (TB) lesions during the years 2005-2007. This work provides an update from previously published data for years 2003-2004. During...

Arthrospira are attractive candidates to serve as cell factories for production of many valuable compounds useful for food, feed, fuel and pharmaceutical industries. In connection with the development of sustainable bioprocessing, it is a challenge to design and develop efficient Arthrospira cell factories which can certify effective conversion from the raw materials (i.e. CO2 and sun light) in...

Determining the replication factor y settings S aner et al. describe how neighboring DNA regions stochas-tically assemble into replica-tion factories in budding yeast. A replicon is a stretch of DNA duplicated from a single replication origin. In eukaryotes, multiple replicons assemble into sub-nuclear structures called replication factories, where the replicons are duplicated by DNA polymerase...

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) forms two types of inclusion bodies within infected plant cells: numerous virus factories, which are the sites for viral replication and virion assembly, and a single transmission body (TB), which is specialized for virus transmission by aphid vectors. The TB reacts within seconds to aphid feeding on the host plant by total disruption and redistribution of its pr...

Homologous chromosomes can pair in somatic and germ line cells, and many mechanisms have been proposed to explain how they do so. One popular class of models involves base-pairing between DNA strands catalyzed by recombination proteins, but pairing still occurs in mutants lacking the relevant functional proteins. We discuss an alternative based on two observations: transcription occurs in facto...

Energy is one of the primary inputs in textile processing industries that have a significant impact on the cost of a cotton product. The energy cost-share is reported between 5-10% of the total production cost of woven cotton fabric in textile factories of developed countries. However, it is far higher in developing countries. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of energy use and...

background; pollution of drinking water and ice is one of the most serious ways of water borne diseases spread. the purpose of this study was to investigate the bacterial contamination of the ice produced by ice factories in bandar abbas. methods; in this descriptive ,cross-sectional study samples were collected from seven ice factories in bandar abbas. sampling was done by standard method.    ...

Ceramic tiles are controlled to detect surface defects after production because many may occur on their in the production. The detection of ceramic tile is usually performed by human observations most factories. In this paper, an image processing method was proposed defects. method, first user selects homogenous region image. Then gradient based algorithm applied. We conducted our study using s...

The present interest in medical services for small factories is matched by the limited objective information which is available on the demand for and needs of such services. As a teaching project, a survey was made of factories with between 30 and 200 employees on an estate in the North West where there was no organized medical service. Unfortunately, time allowed only 22 factories to be visite...