In rejecting Plessy v. Ferguson’s “separate but equal” doctrine in Brown Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court created a presumption that segregation equals discrimination. However, alongside this assertion, American space has become increasingly separate. A socio-legal analysis identifies three generations spatial United States and calls for recognizing fourth generation—separate, therefo...

Design of control charts for the mean, the within-run component of variance, and the ratio of between-run to within-run components of variance is outlined. The between-run component of variation is the main source of imprecision for analytes determined by an enzymo- or radioimmunoassay principle; accordingly, explicit control of this component is especially relevant for these types of analytes....

Wave run-up is one of the most important and effective parameters in designing semi-submersible platforms. Besides unforeseen effects on the movements and response of the platform, wave run up can also cause slamming forces to be exerted on the lower deck of the platform. Therefore, at the first stages of this plan, before running tests on the model of the platform, numerical methods are usuall...