A new vertical mesh transfer (VMT) technique has been developed to facilitate the rapid isolation of plant metal-tolerance mutants. l h e technique i s quantitative, allowing comparisons of the growth responses of different strains or ecotypes. Using the VMT technique, we have characterized the dose responses of 1 O ecotypes of Arabidopsis fhaliana to Cuz+, Znz+, NiZ+, Cr3+, Cd2+, and AI3+. Eco...

Sexual dimorphism in geometric body shape and external morphology was compared between marine and stream-resident forms of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus collected from North America and Japan. Some aspects of sexual dimorphism were shared between ecotypes: males had larger heads than females with no significant effect of ecotype on the magnitude of sexual dimorphism. By contra...

1. The evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis proposes that exotic plants often become invasive because they have evolved reduced allocation to defence and increased allocation to growth and reproduction in response to low herbivore loads. Previous studies with Chinese tallow tree Sapium sebiferum support EICA predictions of invasive North American ecotypes displaying rapi...

?-Amylase inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts from six selected Iranian Salvia species (S. hydrangea DC., S. hypoleuca Benth., S. officinalis L., S. reuterana Boiss., S. verticillata L. and S. virgata Jacq.) were examined, using in vitro model. In addition, antioxidant capacities (DPPH• radical scavenging) and total flavonoid cotents of the extracts were also determined. The results showe...

We used stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis to investigate the trophic ecology of 8 small cetacean species of the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean: 6 delphinids (Grampus griseus, Lagenorhynchus cruciger, L. australis, Lissodelphis peronii, Pseudorca crassidens, and Cephalorhynchus commersonii ) and 2 phocoenids (Phocoena dioptrica and P. spinipinnis). We also analyzed sam...

Understanding the emergence of species through the process of ecological speciation is a central question in evolutionary biology which also has implications for conservation and management. Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) is renowned for the occurrence of different ecotypes linked to resource and habitat use throughout North America. We aimed to unravel the fine genetic structure of the four...

in order to the study of the salinity effects on seed germination and effecting parameter of fennel (foeniculum vulgare) was conducted a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. factor a was 10 ecotypes, including; sardasht, saghghez, kerman, tabriz,sabzevar, rome, khusf, bojnoord, mashhad and shabestar and factor b was five concentrations ...