The biological stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) is influenced by the chemical structure of SOC and the existence of various mechanisms of protection offered by soil minerals and their spatial arrangement within the soil matrix (Baldock and Skjemstad, 2000). In addition to defining the potential availability of SOC to decomposer organisms living in soils, the chemical structure of SOC also...

Moving in an unstructured environment such as soil requires approaches that are constrained by the physics of this complex medium and can ensure energy efficiency and minimize friction while exploring and searching. Among living organisms, plants are the most efficient at soil exploration, and their roots show remarkable abilities that can be exploited in artificial systems. Energy efficiency a...

The interaction of a building, its foundation and the underlying soils may have important effects on the behavior of each of these components as well as on the overall system behavior. For example, the relative stiffness of a building structure, its mat foundation and the soils that support the foundation will influence the stresses and displacements of both the structure and soil. Soil-structu...

based on the standards for design of structures, any structure should be designated for seismic loads and any combinations containing seismic loads. for spectral analysis of a structure, the site effect is taken into account by considering its effects on the design spectra. because of different lateral and vertical stiffness of the soil layers underneath the structure, the design spectra are di...

in this paper effect of pile-soil consideration in obtaining seismic response offshore structure is assessed due to earthquake loading. inducedseismic force is one of the most important excitations for the dynamic response of an offshore structure. according to api, seismic forces should be accounted in platform design for seismically active regions in order to determine the allowable seismic r...

Application of chemical fertilizer or manure can affect soil microorganisms directly by supplying nutrients and indirectly by altering soil pH. However, it remains uncertain which effect mostly shapes microbial community structure. We determined soil bacterial diversity and community structure by 454 pyrosequencing the V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA genes after 7-years (2007-2014) of applying chemic...