A new extension of the Hildebrand solubility approach which describes drug solubility in solvent mixtures showing multiple solubility peaks, the chameleonic effect, is proposed. The experimental solubilities of oxolinic acid were measured at 25 degrees C in solvent mixtures of ethanol-water and ethanol-ethyl acetate. A plot of the mole fraction of the drug against the solubility parameter (delt...

Satranidazole, a potent broad spectrum antiprotozoal, is a poorly water-soluble drug and has low bioavailability on oral administration. One of the important methods to improve the solubility and bioavailability of a less water-soluble drug is by the use of cosolvents. The solubility enhancement produced by binary blends with a cosolvent (dioxane) was studied against the solubility parameter of...

At low pressures, the solubility of gases in liquids is governed by Henry's law, which states that the saturated solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas. As the pressure increases, most gases depart from this ideal behavior in a sublinear fashion, leveling off at pressures in the 1- to 5-kbar (0.1 to 0.5 GPa) range with solubilities of less than 1 mole...

The penetration rates of 10 hydrophobic solvents through the excised abdominal rat skin were quantitatively determined by using the in vitro method reported previously. The hydrophobic solvents studied were benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, styrene, n-pentane, 2-methylpentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and n-octane. There was a great diversity in the ability of the hydrophobic solvents to pen...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different pH solutions on the solubility and wear resistance of Silorane and dimethacrylate resin based composite restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two different resin based restorative materials (Filtek Silorane P90 and hybrid composite Z100) were tested. Different pH solutions (2.5 and 5) also were used. A total o...

Extruded pellets were made based on deoiled rice bran and paddy husk using glycerol and cashew nut shell liquid as plasticizer. Effects of incorporation levels of glycerol (GL, 6 to 14 %) and cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL, 6 to 14%) on the physical and functional characteristics of extruded pellets based on deoiled rice bran and paddy husk powders were studied. For A3 samples (12% GL) radial ex...

Background and Objectives: As chemical methods are commonly used to modify the starch properties, in this study, the influence of chemical modification using POCl3 on the rice starch function was evaluated. Materials and Methods: Rice starch was isolated by alkaline extraction of the proteins and cross-linked rice starches were prepared from reactions between native rice starch (low and high a...

Water solubility values for 27 nitro compounds with experimentally measured values were computed using the conductor-like screening model for real solvent (COSMO-RS) based on the density functional theory and COSMO technique. We have found that the accuracy of the COSMO-RS approach for prediction of water solubility of liquid nitro compounds is impressively high (the errors are lower than 0.1 L...