The influence of climate and the role of water security on economic growth are topics of growing interest. Few studies have investigated the potential role that climate hazards, which water security addresses, and their cumulative effects have on the growth prospects for a country. Owing to the relatively stationary spatial patterns of global climate, certain regions and countries are more pron...

decreasing changes of climatic elements such as: daily precipitation, weekly precipitation, seasonal precipitation and annual precipitation can be toward to drought phenomena. the recognition it and planning for passing it, could be decreasing of disasters, because create of drought is slow but it effects is very damages. the aim of this paper is descriptive analyze and it type of research is a...

The frequencies flown on the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) are sensitive to liquid water near the earth’s surface. These frequencies are primarily atmospheric window channels, which receive the majority of their radiation from the surface. Liquid water near the surface depresses the emissivity as a function of wavelength. The relationship between brightness temperatures at different f...

The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) has been recognized as the standard index that should be used for quantifying and reporting meteorological drought. This study aims to present application of two-dimensional correlation method determining spatial temporal variability drought among SPI series. Heatmaps were a new way visualizing series which enables visual inspection dry wet periods. de...

This paper evaluates climate change effects on drought severity in the region of Thessaly, Greece. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used for estimation of drought severity. A geographical information system is applied for the division of Thessaly region to twelve hydrological homogeneous areas based on their geomorphology. Mean monthly precipitation values from 50 precipitati...

background: although several studies have investigated the association between maternal exposure to air pollution and preterm birth, the results are inconsistent. the aim of this study was to further investigate the relation between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight (lbw) in an iranian pregnant population. materials an...