Previous studies have indicated that between 60 and 80% of a population of entomopathogenic nematodes do not infect their insect hosts at any one period in time. Two hypotheses explain this behaviour: the first that there is a subpopulation of non-infectious nematodes and the second that the non-infectious group is created by inhibitory cues derived from infected insects. Through an experimenta...

Codling moth Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is the main pest of apple all over world. Besides usage broad spectrum insecticides being control for C. pomonella, also there a potential entomapathogen nematodes(EPN) same control. In this study, efficacies four entomopathogenic nematode species [Steinernema carpocapsae (Tokat Bakisli05), S. feltiae (Tokat-Emir), Heterorhabditis bac...

Abstract Background The codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L). (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is an important pest of apple in Turkey and other producing countries the world. Several control methods are available for reducing populations. Entomopathogenic nematode (EPNs), example, can be used as a potential alternative to chemical insecticides larvae soil eco-friendly management their hosts that ...

The dynamics of Steinernema feltiae strain DD-136 in soils with different fauna was investigated to determine the best method for the biological control of soil insects. Infective juveniles (J3) were applied to field plots with and without 1,3-D (Telone II) fumigation. Recovery of J3 and changes in native nematode fauna were monitored until the applied J3 were no longer recovered by Baermann fu...

A novel hybrid cobalt phosphite, (H2DAB)[Co(H2PO3)4] 2H2O, was synthesized by using a slow evaporation method in the presence of nitrate, phosphorous acid, and 1,4-diaminobutane (DAB = 1,4-diaminobutane) as structure-directing agent. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis showed that compound crystallizes triclinic system (space group P-1(n.2)) with following unit cell parameters (Å, °) 5.48...

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) are effective biocontrol agents for many insect pests generally stored a period of time prior to their use in the laboratory or field. However, unfavorable storage conditions have great impact on survival infectivity EPNs. This study was conducted determine optimum infective juveniles (IJs) four native EPN sp...