ionic liquids such as 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts make excellent catalysts and solvents for synthesis of dialkyl 2-(dialkoxyphosphoryl)-3-(1-oxo-1-h-phthalazin-2-yl)succinates from 2h-phthalazin-1-one, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and trialkyl phosphites. under similar conditions, triphenyl phosphite led to dialkyl 2-(diphenoxyphosphoryl)-3-(1-oxo-1-h-phthalazin-2-yl)succinates. the ionic ...

four sugar beet genotypes with different reactions to root rot pathogens were evaluated for resistance to important root rot agents including pythium aphanidermatum, phytophthora drechsleri, rhizoctonia solani ag-2-2 and r. solani ag-4. inoculums for pythium and phytophthora were 3-5 day actively growing colony of the pathogens on cma medium, while for rhizoctonia isolates were nine infected co...

small precipitation with temporal and spatial variation of rainfall is the main responsible factors on flood occurrence in arid and semi arid regions. floods in their regions usually contain high concentration of sediments which when they are deposited on the surface of lands, they change the properties of soils of the area. in this research, the effect of floodwater spreading on physic-chemica...

As shown in [1], we examine s e a r c h as a s t a t i s t i c s a m p l i n g p r o c e s s . Based o n some s t a t i s t i c a l i n f e r e n c e method t h e p r o b a b i l i t y t h a t a s u b t r e e i n s e a r c h t r e e c o n t a i n s t h e g o a l can b e d e c i d e d . Thus some w e i g h t i s i n t e n t i o n a l y added t o t h e e v a l u a t i o n f u n c t i o n o f t h ...

drought resistance is a very important characteristic needed for plant survival especially at germination stage, in arid and semi-arid lands. phosphatase enzymes are widely found in plants. these enzymes are responsible for dephosphorylation of organic phosphate and altering it to mineral phosphate. germination experiments were conducted in two bread wheat cultivars (sardari and alvand) under s...

in this study, biocontrol effect of some strains pseudomonas fluorescent surveyagainst pythium aphanidermatum the causal agent of cucumber root rot disease. first biocontrol ability of bacteria against the fungal pathogen evaluated by cross-culture method. results showed that inhibition zone of strain t17-4 (7.5 mm) was more than others. seven strains including t17-4, cha0, cha89, vupf52, vupf5...

conclusions these results suggest that polymorphisms in interleukin-10 gene promoter influence clinical outcome of hbv infection and susceptibility to hbv infection. results persistent hbv infection was associated with il-10-1082 ag (p = 0.001) and gg (p = 0.004) genotypes and g (p = 0.000) allele. il-10-819 t/c and -592 a/c genotype and allele frequencies did not show any correlation with the ...

for considering and evaluating the economic impacts of sugar beet research on the shift of sugar supply, we need to estimate the parameter of supply shift. having developed an appropriate methodology and using the results of breeding research collected from the main stations of sugar beet research acrossiranfor the period of 1982-2003, the supply shift parameter for sugar was estimated.  this p...