This paper describes a three-part annotation scheme for superlatives: The first identifies syntactic classes, since superlatives can serve different semantic purposes. The second and third only apply to superlatives that express straight-forward comparisons between targets and their comparison sets. The second form of annotation identifies the spans of each target and comparison set, which is o...

— We present a statistical approach to text-based automatic language identification that focuses on discrimination between as opposed to representation of different language models. The system is evaluated on a text corpus containing six African and six European languages.

Abstractive summarization is the popular research topic nowadays. Due to the difference in language property, Chinese summarization also gains lots of attention. Most of studies use character-based representation instead of word-based to keep out the error introduced by word segmentation and OOV problem. However, we believe that word-based representation can capture the semantics of the article...

Content analysis is an important method in the research into collaborative learning. The usual method for deeper content analysis is to first categorize and code interactive texts and then analyze them. However, the content analysis method with categorizing and coding is time consuming in the first period of research for coding content analysis, which restricts greatly the amount and scale of t...

In this study, the effects of visualization tools on argumentation skills, knowledge acquisition, and motivation during learning with a hypermedia learning environment were examined. Participants in this experiment had to complete an argumentation task on environmental issues by using a hypermedia learning environment as resource. In one condition, participants were provided with a graphical mi...

Stated preference experiments have been known to suffer from the lack of realism. This issue is particularly visible when the scenario doesn’t have a well understood prior reference e.g. in case of the autonomous vehicles related scenarios. We present Virtual Immersive Reality Environment (VIRE) that is capable of developing highly realistic, immersive, and interactive choice scenario. We demon...

This study investigates the effect of tempo on prosodic structuring at both temporal and melodic levels. Readings of a German text are examined to ascertain to what extent changes in pausing, prosodic phrasing, pitch accent structure and F0 realisations contribute towards strategies for speaking at a faster or slower speed than normal. Furthermore, speeding up strategies are compared to those f...

Reference and information services in the 21st century : an introduction / Kay Ann Cassell and Uma Hiremath. — 2nd ed. rev. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. A companion Web site keeps this text up-to-date! This Web site features new readings for each chapter and information about changes in the reference tools described in these pages as well as important new ones. The in...

This paper describes the work done by the TOSCA-MP team for the linking subtask. We submitted three sets of runs: text-only with fixed segments, text-only aligned with shot boundaries, and text and visual with fixed segments. Each of these sets consists of six runs, using combinations of three different types of text resources and for each using only the anchor segment or anchor plus context as...