While "natural history" is practically synonymous with the name of Buffon, the term itself has been otherwise overlooked by historians of science. This essay attempts to address this omission by investigating the meanings of "physique," "natural philosophy," and "history," among other terms, with the purpose of understanding Buffon's actual objectives. It also shows that Buffon never claimed to...

A main focus in economics research is understanding the time series of prices of goods and assets. While statistical models using only the properties of the time series itself have been successful in many aspects, we expect to gain a better understanding of the phenomena involved if we can model the underlying system of interacting agents. In this article, we consider the history of Bitcoin, a ...

background: the aim of the study was to discuss on the influential factors of the mode of classification of partition management in the emergency triage. method: retrospectively analyzing the effects of emergency triage of 156 cases who adopted the classification partition management mode during oct 2014 to oct 2015 in xuzhou central hospital (xuzhou, jiangsu province, china). they were divided...

Response modification factor (R factor) is one of the seismic design parameters to be considered in evaluating the performance of buildings during strong motions. This paper has tried to evaluate the response modification factor of concrete coupled shear wall structures with various length/depth ratios of spandrel beams. The effect of diagonal reinforcement of spandrel beam was also evaluated o...

This paper concentrates on the minimization of total tardiness and earliness of orders in an integrated production and transportation scheduling problem in a two-stage supply chain. Moreover, several constraints are also considered, including time windows due dates, and suppliers and vehicles availability times. After presenting the mathematical model of the problem, a developed version of GA c...