Among protozoa, Tetrahymena pyriformis is the most commonly ciliated model used for laboratory research. All living organisms need to adapt to ever changing adverse conditions in order to survive. This article focuses on the phenomenon that exposure to toxic doses of the toxicants protects against a normally harmful dose of the same stressor. This first encounter by toxicant provokes the phenom...

Tropical seagrasses are at their highest risk of exposure to photosystem II (PSII) herbicides when elevated rainfall and runoff from farms transports these toxicants into coastal habitats during summer, coinciding with periods of elevated temperature. PSII herbicides, such as diuron, can increase the sensitivity of corals to thermal stress, but little is known of the potential for herbicides to...

Intermittently connected mobile networks are wireless networks where most of the time there does not exist a complete path from a source to a destination. Researchers have proposed flooding based schemes for routing in such networks. While flooding based schemes are robust and have a high probability of delivery, they suffer from a huge overhead in terms of bandwidth, buffer space and energy di...

An appropriate approach to assess the effect of toxicants on aquatic animals is to monitor behavioral endpoints, as they are a link between physiological and ecological processes. A group that can be exposed long-term to low toxic concentrations is benthic macroinvertebrates, as their mobility in aquatic ecosystems is relatively limited. Therefore, the study of behavioral long-term effects in t...

in order to simultaneously improve wet and dry strengths of paper and decrease environmental issues related to the wet strength resins, in this study effect of application method of wet strength additives on paper properties was investigated. wet strength resins were applied in four methods including spraying an aqueous glyoxal solution on to the surface of wet paper, addition of aminated polya...

We present a discrete-time predator–prey model in which the prey population is assumed to evolve response toxicant. incorporate frequency-dependent selection into evolution, assuming that an individual's susceptibility predation depends on both trait it possesses and traits of others population. When symmetric, we show equation unable track changes fitness landscape, is, landscape may change wh...