The reaction of salicylaldehyde (1), o-aminophenols (2a–2f), and di-n-butyltin oxide (3) to give six di-n-butyltin compounds (4a–4f) was achieved in good yields. All compounds were characterized by H, C, N, Sn NMR, mass spectrometry, IR, elemental analysis and in the case of compounds 4a, 4b, 4d and 4e by X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 4a crystallized with trigonal bipiramidal (TPB) geome...

The effects of dietary tin on tin and calcium metabolism were determined in eight adult males. Subjects were fed mixed diets containing 0.11 mg tin daily (control diet) and 49.67 mg tin daily (test diet) for 20 days each in a cross-over design. The level of tin in the control diet was typical of the level of tin found in diets that contained only fresh and frozen foods; the level of tin in the ...

Organotin compounds (OTCs) are characterized as having at minimum one covalent bond between carbon and tin atoms, usually denoted by the formula RnSnX4-n (n =1-3, R =aryl or alkyl, X =halogen ion a carboxylate, etc.). There several methods to synthesis organotin compounds, they Grignard Kocheshkov reactions, Wurtz reaction alkylation method. The has two stable state,(II) (IV). Sn(II) forms pyra...

In this work, the deposition of titanium nitride (TiN) thin film using direct current (DC) sputtering technique and its application as diffusion barriers against copper interconnect was presented. The deposited analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. XRD patterns showed face-centered cubic (FCC) struc...

In recent year, biocompatible, biodegradable materials (linear polylactic acid-based urethanes) in the solid and/or liquid form have attracted tremendous attention in biomedical application particularly in stent coating. Low molecular weight poly (lactic acid) s (PLA), having narrow molecular weight distribution was by dehydropolycondensation method using tetraphenyltin as a catalyst. Hydroxyl ...

We introduce a new class of molecular iodosalt compounds for application in next-generation solar cells. Unlike tin-based perovskite compounds CsSnI3 and CH3NH3SnI3, which have Sn in the 2+ oxidation state and must be handled in an inert atmosphere when fabricating solar cells, the Sn in the molecular iodosalt compounds is in the 4+ oxidation state, making them stable in air and moisture. As an...

Development of microbial biofilms and the recruitment of propagules on the surfaces of man-made structures in the marine environment cause serious problems for the navies and for marine industries around the world. Current antifouling technology is based on the application of toxic substances that can be harmful to the natural environment. For this reason and the global ban of tributyl tin (TBT...

Due to human activities, the concentrations of organometallic compounds in all parts of the environment have increased in recent decades. The toxicity and some biochemical properties of mercury and tin present in the environment depend on the concentration and chemical form of these two elements. The ever-increasing demand for determining compounds at very low concentration levels in samples wi...