We provide novel evidence for a two-stage model of visual search applied to the selection based on top-down cues to stimulus colour and orientation. The model supposes that visual displays are first parsed into colour based groups, a process that is modulated by the presence of an initial cue to the target's colour. Subsequently search is directed to other featural properties represented within...

This paper presents a two-stage approach to speech recognition that is suited for information retrieval tasks, e.g. accessing a large telephone directory. The rst stage performs a Viterbi beam search to decode the speech input into a sequence of phonemes. The second stage performs a graph search to match the phoneme sequence with a large list of keywords. The key issue is that the rst step empl...

This paper describes the 1997 CMU DARPA Hub 4 Spanish Broadcast News Transcription system. The system we present is based on the CMU SPHINX-III recognizer and uses a single set of acoustic and language models. The decoding process is performed in two passes: a Viterbi search and a directed acyclic graph (DAG) search are performed on the first recognition stage. The second recognition stage is s...

In this paper, we propose a novel and simple fast block-matching algorithm (BMA), called adaptive rood pattern search (ARPS), which consists of two sequential search stages: 1) initial search and 2) refined local search. For each macroblock (MB), the initial search is performed only once at the beginning in order to find a good starting point for the follow-up refined local search. By doing so,...

In this paper the problem of serial batch scheduling in a two-stage hybrid flow shop environment with minimizing Makesapn is studied. In serial batching it is assumed that jobs in a batch are processed serially, and their completion time is defined to be equal to the finishing time of the last job in the batch. The analysis and implementation of the prohibited transference of jobs among the mac...

Nowadays, numerous processes of any supply chain are done by suppliers and consequently they cause a massive amount of pollution released to the nature. Hence, greening the suppliers has become a necessity. Although most of green supplier development programs need high investment, formal optimization models that address this issue are very rare. This paper mainly aims to address this prob...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as a non–parametric method is used to measure relative performance of organizational units. The aim of this paper is to develop a new model to evaluate the efficiency of a general two-stage network structures proposed by Li et al.  (2012) for measuring the performance of Decision Making Units (DMUs). In addition, this paper expands the work of Li et al. (2012) an...