the present article is an attempt to study the appearance of asceticism and it’s development to mysticism ofter coming islamic religion.there are a lot of different views about the priority of asceticism to sufism or the priority of sufism to asceticism.the historical guidances prove that this evolution is accomplished from fear of god and his hell in to asceticism and abandonment of the life a...

tiles and tilework has developed in islamic civilization based on pre-islamic iranian art and then spread out from spain to central asia. herein, iran has played an individual role among different islamic countries and remnants of various tileworks across this wide territory are clear evidences to this claim. among different species of tiles and tile decorations, we face with specific types of ...

mudaraba is an old method of finance and trade. comparative historical studies show that mudaraba and a very similar european institution that appeared in 12th century first in italy and then in all europe i.e. commenda, had a very important role in the history of trade; specially in maritime trade of middle ages. from 16th century it strted to lose gradually its importance and then replaced by...

There is increasing evidence that evolution can occur rapidly in response to selection. Recent advances in sequencing suggest the possibility of documenting genetic changes as they occur in populations, thus uncovering the genetic basis of evolution, particularly if samples are available from both before and after selection. Here, we had a unique opportunity to directly assess genetic changes i...

Historical perspective refers to understanding a subject in light of its earliest phases and subsequent evolution. 11Jis perspective differs from his.ory because its object is to sharpen one's vision of the present, not the past. When historical perspective is overlooked in social research, researchers may draw misleading conclusions. Historical perspective expands research horizons by encourag...

After a long period of historical evolution and development, religion has created rich colorful culture. A correct understanding helps us to better understand western thoughts, worldviews, values, behaviors. The author analyzes the cultural differences from following three parts: relationship between Buddha, God, human beings; cognition "I" influence on interpersonal communication. By comparing...

Olds maps contain specific information (historical places, historical land cover, building footprints) Interesting for various studies about long-term changes of landscapes,urban development or coastlines evolution For few years, a lot of maps are available thanks to National Archives INTRODUCTION METHODOLOGY RESULTS CONCLUSION Traditional approach to capture objects in historical maps are ...

abstract the (mal –amir) is the city with vicissitudes (up and down) through the history, this city has located in the south western of iran which was ruled by eilamis. the inscriptions remained from eilami period such as: eshkaft – salman, and kool- ferah proven this fact in that area. after eilami's ruling, mal amir has been governed by madha, hekhamanesian, ashkanian and sassanian a...