For centuries, humans lived in the Arctic in relatively small, self-sustained communities in harmony with the harsh local climate and environment. In contrast to that earlier period, the modern Russian Arctic is characterized by intensive urban development, including cities whose populations exceed more than 100,000 people. “Urbanization” peaked in the period between the late 1950s and 1980s. D...

Since the radical economic reforms initiated in the late 1970s, China, has been transformed from a stagnating socialist country into one of the world’s biggest economies. However, the ―invisible hand‖ of capitalism may not have succeeded in its magic without the 200 million workers who migrated from rural areas to the urbanized east coast. What are the implications of rural-to-urban migration o...

1. introduction today, sustainability of rural and urban settlements and their population in developing world is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. however, today due to development of urbanization, the rural areas have undergone many changes . these changes have been concurrent with the developing process of urbanization and unorganized expansion of cities on the one hand, and...

Urbanity was a distinguishing feature of the medieval Low Countries, but even in its most urbanised core a majority of the population continued to live outside the city walls. In his new and encompassing synthesis of the history of the Low Countries in the later Middle Ages, Wim Blockmans emphasises the fundamental intertwining of urban and rural societies in this region, but also the existing ...

A community based comparative cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the mutual consent of women about family planning use in urban and rural villages of Gedeo zone. Two-thirds (67.4%) of women made joint decision on contraceptive use, varying between urban (70.9%) and rural (63.4%) settings. This difference was statistically significant where women in urban setup had a 41% (AOR, 1...

Human settlements experience continual change. In recent years, many rural areas have experienced dispersed grow (rural sprawl) and population declines in traditional village centers (Hollowing). These paradoxical phenomena have occurred in most developing countries, including rural Iran. This study examines this phenomena in three Iranian villages of Kahak area of Qom province, and develops a ...

Although it is not happening uniformly within the country, the adoption of a modern lifestyle by Papua New Guineans is affecting their food habits and choices. More and more people consume rice, tinned fish and tinned meat. In towns and in villages with easy access to urban centres, these food items comprise an ever increasing part of the diet. These dietary changes are leading to increases in ...

In recent years, rapid urbanization in China has led to land transformation and unequal social economic development among rural collective different regions. Although there been considerable research on China, is a lack of studies the socioeconomic impacts elders. This investigates support, family support elderly three types villages—urban, suburban, remote—in China’s Pearl River Delta. The fin...

BACKGROUND This study was carried out in Opi-Agu a tropical semi-urban autonomous community comprising of three villages in Enugu State, Nigeria, between the months of April and June 2010. It was designed to determine the prevalence of Onchocerca volvulus infection and assess the perception of the disease among the inhabitants of this community. METHODS A total number of 305 individuals compr...