One of the tools for building new fixed-point results is use symmetry in distance functions. The symmetric property metrics particularly useful constructing contractive inequalities analyzing different models practical consequences. A lot important invariant point crisp mappings have been improved by using metrics. However, more than a handful theorems spaces are yet to be investigated fuzzy ve...

In this note the notion of interval-valued fuzzy BG-algebras (briefly, i-v fuzzy BG-algebras), the level and strong level BG-subalgebra is introduced. Then we state and prove some theorems which determine the relationship between these notions and BG-subalgebras. The images and inverse images of i-v fuzzy BG-subalgebras are defined, and how the homomorphic images and inverse images of i-v fuzzy...

After Zadeh has introduced his theory, many-valued logic began to have a new interest. Especially, Łukasiewicz logic was enclosed quite closely in fuzzy sets. There is a strong opinion that Łukasiewicz infinite-valued logic has the role as the logic of fuzzy sets, similarly as classical logic has the role as the logic of crisp sets. But actually, it seems that Kleene’s 3-valued logic was the cl...

this paper introduces a new approach to topology, based on category theory and universal algebra, and called categorically-algebraic (catalg) topology. it incorporates the most important settings of lattice-valued topology, including poslat topology of s.~e.~rodabaugh, $(l,m)$-fuzzy topology of t.~kubiak and a.~v{s}ostak, and $m$-fuzzy topology on $l$-fuzzy sets of c.~guido. moreover, its respe...

In the traditional fuzzy logic, the expert’s degree of certainty in a statement is described either by a number from the interval [0, 1] or by a subinterval of such an interval. To adequately describe the opinion of several experts, researchers proposed to use a union of the corresponding sets – which is, in general, more complex than an interval. In this paper, we prove that for such set-value...

In our earlier work we have developed the axiomatic theory of the scalar cardinality of interval-valued fuzzy sets following Wygralak’s axiomatic theory of scalar cardinalities of fuzzy sets. The cardinality has been defined as a mapping from the set of interval-valued fuzzy sets with finite support to the set of closed subintervals of [0,+∞). We have shown that each scalar cardinality of inter...

Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVIFS) has developed to cope with the uncertainty of imprecise human thinking. In the present communication, new entropy and similarity measures for IVIFSs based on exponential function are presented and compared with the existing measures. Numerical results reveal that the proposed information measures attain the higher association with the existing me...

Mathematical morphology (MM) offers a wide range of tools for image processing and computer vision. MM was originally conceived for the processing of binary images and later extended to gray-scale morphology. Extensions of classical binary morphology to gray-scale morphology include approaches based on fuzzy set theory that give rise to fuzzy mathematical morphology (FMM). From a mathematical p...

In this paper, we shall present strong laws of large numbers (SLLN’s) for independent (not necessary identically distributed) fuzzy set-valued random variables whose base space is a separable Banach space or an Euclidean space, in the sense of the extended Hausdorff metric d∞ H .We apply the method to the sequence of independent identically distributed fuzzy set-valued random variables to give ...