AIMS Signalling through the Wnt pathway is integrally associated with colon carcinogenesis. Although activating mutations in the genes for adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and beta-catenin are clearly associated with colon cancer, less is understood about the role of the upstream secreted ligands (Wnts) and their receptors (frizzled, Fz) in this process. In other systems, increased Wnt signalli...

Salazar KD, Lankford SM, Brody AR. Mesenchymal stem cells produce Wnt isoforms and TGF1 that mediate proliferation and procollagen expression by lung fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 297: L1002–L1011, 2009. First published September 4, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajplung.90347.2008.—Studies have been carried out previously to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) influence the pro...

Studies have been carried out previously to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) influence the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we asked whether MSC (derived from mouse bone marrow and human umbilical cord blood) produce factors that mediate lung fibroblast (LF) growth and matrix production. MSC-conditioned media (CM) were found by ELISA to contain significant amounts of PDGF-...

prosite database contains a set of entries corresponding to protein families, which are used to identify the family of a protein from its sequence. although patterns and profiles are developed to be very selective, each may have false positive or negative hits. considering false positives as items that reduce the selectiveness of a pattern, then, the more selective pattern we have, a more accur...

ALL MAMMALIAN CELLS BENEFIT from a healthy dose of iron. In addition to its prominent role as the oxygen-carrying moiety in hemoglobin, iron is a cofactor for cytochromes and a variety of enzymes. During the past decade, a great deal has been learned about cellular iron transport and its regulation (1), but the understanding of iron balance within cells remains limited. Li et al. (Ref. 3; see p...

In Shear's (1986) cladistic analysis of the Ischyropsalidoidea, he described the new genus Acuclavella including four new species from the Pacific Northwest states of Washington and Idaho. Several of these species descriptions were based on very limited sample sizes. Our recent field work has increased by more than an order of magnitude both the number of specimens and known localities for Acuc...

recombinant protein purification is a kind of sensitive and expensive method in genetics engineering. genetic manipulation leads to the expression of various proteins; it should be isolated with high purity finally. differed methods for protein purification are categorized, based on cast, quality, easy work and side effect of protein. in this article, we are investigating his his-tag protein pu...