This paper describes optical components prepared using poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomers and liquid metals as constituent materials. Most optical components are fabricated from rigid materials such as glass, rigid polymers, or metals. By contrast, the elastomeric optics described here are designed to be deformable. Because the structure of the optical surface can be deformed easily, a single el...

Colors of the sky and colored displays in the sky are mostly a consequence of selective scattering by molecules or particles, absorption usually being irrelevant. Molecular scattering selective by wavelength – incident sunlight of some wavelengths being scattered more than others – but the same in any direction at all wavelengths gives rise to the blue of the sky and the red of sunsets and sunr...

A fundamental way of describing a photon-limited imaging system is in terms of a Poisson random process in spatial, angular and wavelength variables. The mean of this random process is the spectral radiance. The principle of conservation of radiance then allows a full characterization of the noise in the image (conditional on viewing a specified object). To elucidate these connections, we first...

Dramatic improvements in the development of low-loss materials for optical fibers are responsible for the commercial viability of fiber-optic communications. Corning Incorporated pioneered the development and manufacture of ultra-low-loss glass fibers. C 0 R N I N G 272 Fundamentals of Photonics

A comprehensive study on the structural, electronic and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of alumina nanostructures (Al2O3)n with n = 2-5 belonging to the groups III and VI dopants carried out by density functional theory. The NBO charges exhibit dopant atoms caused to the increasing charge transfer and introduces acceptor-donor model for NLO response of alumin...

introduction: until now, many models have been presented for optical study of the human eye. in recent years, surgery on the anterior section of the eye (such as cataract and photo-refractive surgery) has increased, so a study on the optics of the eye and evaluation of vision quality has become more important. material and methods: in this article, some of these models are considered. they incl...

Fluidic optics is a new class of optical system with real-time tunability and reconfigurability enabled by the introduction of fluidic components into the optical path. We describe the design, fabrication, operation of a number of fluidic optical systems, and focus on three devices – liquidcore/liquid-cladding (L) waveguides, microfluidic dye lasers, and diffraction gratings based on flowing, c...