NAR's full open access initiative is now in its fourth year. There is no question that during this period the greatest challenge has been to set author charges that are within the reach of authors' hard-won funding, yet financially sustainable for the journal. This is a continued topic of discussion for NAR's editors and publishers. We are certainly aware that NAR authors have other choices whe...

With the comprehensive emissions of fossil fuel combustion and transportation waste gas, concentrations nitrogen oxides (NOX) in environmental atmosphere increase significantly, leading to nitric acid rain (NAR) pollution. However, effects NAR on soil enzyme activities microbial metabolism are unclear. In this study, Quercus acutissima Carruth. forest Yangtze River Delta China was selected as e...

In this paper, an efficient algorithm for recursive estimation of a Non-linear Autoregression (NAR) model is proposed. In particular, the model parameters are dynamically adapted through time so that a) the model response, after the parameter updating, satisfies the current conditions and b) a minimal modification of the model parameters is accomplished. The first condition is expressed by appl...

The Pseudomonas fluorescens YT101 gene narG, which encodes the catalytic alpha subunit of the respiratory nitrate reductase, was disrupted by insertion of a gentamicin resistance cassette. In the Nar(-) mutants, nitrate reductase activity was not detectable under all the conditions tested, suggesting that P. fluorescens YT101 contains only one membrane-bound nitrate reductase and no periplasmic...

abstract:   background: the most important and complex phenomenon of respiratory function of the nose is related to different nasal anatomy. the differences in facial anatomic structure between different races may also be reflected in nasal resistance and airflow. caucasians has different facial anatomic structure which is the reflection of intranasal resistance or consequence of airflow. the a...

There has been an explosion in the volume of biology-related information that is available in online databases. But finding the right information can be challenging. Not only is this information spread over multiple sources, but often, it is hidden behind form interfaces of online databases. There are several ongoing efforts that aim to simplify the process of finding, integrating and exploring...