Although overall mortality rate of prostate cancer (PCa) declines in recent years, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains incurable. Clinical evidence indicates that CRPC recurred from hormonal therapy exhibits neuroendocrine differentiated (NED) phenotypes, which could contribute to therapeutic resistance and poor survival. Understanding the onset of NED could lead us to develop n...

During the operation of softwareontrolled physi al system, there are times when the values of environmental variables are not known by the ontrol software. To orre tly spe ify and reason about su h systems, a spe i ation language must allow variables to take a spe ial unde ned value that signi es that the value of the variable is unknown. Adding an unde ned value to the type system of a languag...

Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) is a hallmark of advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer, for which no successful therapy exists. NED tumour cells escape apoptotic cell death by alterations of Ca(2+) homeostasis where the store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is known to be a key event. We have previously shown that the downregulation of Orai1 protein representing the major molecular co...

In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the ill-de nedness of environmental processes. To provide a frame of reference for discussions regarding ill-de ned systems, a taxonomy and terminology of the modelling and simulation of systems will be presented. Due to the complexity of ill-de ned systems, it is not only necessary to describe the nature of models, but also to describe som...

Invasiveness and metastasis are the primary factors indicating poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. To identify a novel lead compound for the development of therapeutics for the treatment of breast cancer through inhibiting invasion, we screened the natural piper amide-like compounds library that we previously constructed. Among the compounds tested, (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-hydrox...

A unique way of robustly integrating an elastomer fi lm onto a graphitic anode and then post-process it into a solid-state electrolyte for lithium-ion battery applications is reported. The mutual solvability of the elastomer and the binder of the graphitic anode (carboxymethyl cellulose, (CMC)) in dimethylformamide facilitates the fusion of the two heterogeneous layers. Dimensional dynamics evo...

Nicola P. Klein, MD, PhD; Ned Lewis, MPH; Kristin Goddard, Bruce Fireman, MA; Ousseny Zerbo, Kayla E. Hanson, James G. Donahue, DVM, Elyse O. Kharbanda, Allison Naleway, Jennifer Clark Nelson, Stan Xu, W. Katherine Yih, PhD, Jason M. Glanz, Joshua T. B. Williams, MD; Simon J. Hambidge, Bruno Lewin, Tom Shimabukuro, MPH, MBA; Frank DeStefano, Eric S. Weintraub, MPH