Aim This experiment aimed to evaluate substitution of soybean meal (SBM) by black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meal in a napier grass diet as performed by an in vitro rumen fermentation system. Materials and Methods Samples of napier grass, SBM, and BSF larvae age 1 week (BSF1) and 2 weeks (BSF2) were arranged according to the following dietary treatments (dry matter [DM] basis): T1, 100% napier ...

Two experiments were conducted to determine U.S. soybean meal (SBM) variation. In experiment 1, SBM from 55 U.S. processors was evaluated. Significant (P < 0.05) but numerically small differences were detected in dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) concentrations. Crude protein (CP) concentrations (51.6-54.6%) were higher (P < 0.05) in SBM produced in the southern U.S. Lipid and total dieta...

In the history of DEA, there are two fundamental “Radial” and “Non-radial” approaches for the efficiency measurement. Each approach has its own advantageous and shortcomings. Avkiran et al. (2008) provided a unified framework, named Connected-SBM, for linking these approaches. In the present paper, first, based on the directional distance function we develop the Directional Slack-Based Measures...

An experiment was conducted in growing pigs to investigate the additivity of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) or standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA in mixed diets containing multiple protein sources. Using the determined AID or SID for CP and AA in corn, soybean meal (SBM), corn distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS), or canola meal (CM), the AID or SID for 4 mixed die...

A study was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA and calculate the NE value for regular-oligosaccharide, micronized full-fat soybean (R-MFFSB), low-oligosaccharide, micronized full-fat soybean (LO-MFFSB), lentil, and enzymatically hydrolyzed casein (EHC) for growing pigs. Six ileal-cannulated barrows (31.4 kg BW) were fed 6 diets in a 6 × 6 Latin square. Five ...

We study the misclassification error for community detection in general heterogeneous stochastic block models (SBM) with noisy or partial label information. We establish a connection between the misclassification rate and the notion of minimum energy on the local neighborhood of the SBM. We develop an optimally weighted message passing algorithm to reconstruct labels for SBM based on the minimu...