Population ageing is an issue affecting policymakers in industrialised countries all over the world. On average across OECD countries, there has been a large increase in the share of the elderly population in recent decades due to rising life expectancy and declining fertility rates. This development is projected to continue over the next decades. The rise in the share of the population aged 80...

We reexamine the widely accepted phenomenon that U.S. corporations are holding increasing amount of cash in last few decades. document increase holdings (scaled by market value assets) is a smaller and narrower phenomenon. find average went up from 9.6% during period 1980-84 to 11.1% 2010-14. also most can be attributed firms only two sectors, namely, healthcare, hi?tech sectors. Finally, we th...

abstract background: weather and climate play a significant role in human health. we are accustomed to affects the weather conditions. by increasing or decreasing the environment temperature or change of seasons, some diseases become prevalent or remove. this study investigated the role of temperature in cardiovascular disease mortality of city of mashhad in the current decade and its simulatio...

With increasingly stringent regulations on emission criteria and environment pollution concerns, marine fuel oils (particularly heavy oils) that are commonly used today for powering ships will no longer be allowed in the future. Various maritime energy strategies now needed long-term upgrade might span decades, quantitative predictions necessary to assess outcomes of their implementation decisi...

Plant growth and crop harvest are impacted by both climate change air pollution. However, their relative importance in yields remains elusive, especially heavily polluted regions. Here we develop yield prediction models, based on a large volume of historical data, as well pollution records China since 1980. A long-term surface ozone concentration data set is developed from machine-learning mode...

Initial population 75000 people Individuals uniformly weighted to represent full S.A. population. Number of burn-in days 7300 days Days from 1960 to infection seeding in 1980. Duration of simulation 32850 days Days from 1960 to end in 2050. Initial prevalence fraction 5 percent Seeding prevalence, high for 1980 but gives good 2010 results. Circumcision probability 42 percent Nationally, 42% of ...

OBJECTIVE To use a computer simulation model to project the potential impact in China of tobacco control measures on smoking, as recommended by the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), being fully implemented. DESIGN Modelling study. SETTING China. POPULATION Males and females aged 15-74 years. INTERVENTION Incremental impact of more complete impleme...

BACKGROUND There is a gap in knowledge on long term pace of population aging acceleration and related net-migration rate changes in WHO European Region and its adjacent MENA countries. We decided to compare European Union (EU-28) region with the EU Near Neighborhood Policy Region East and EU Near Neighborhood Policy Region South in terms of these two essential features of third demographic tran...

Soil moisture is the vital component of the hydrological cycle and its variability is largely uncertain in the upcoming decades. In this paper the future projections of soil moisture changes over South Asia have been analyzed on both annual and seasonal basis from 2020-2050. The comparison of 24 CMIP5 (Coupled Model Inter comparison Project Phase 5) models with GLDAS (Global Lad Data Assimilati...