Explicit radius for nearly parallel vortex filaments in equilibrium 1 Geophysical research has focused on flows, such as ocean currents, as two dimensional. Two dimensional point or blob vortex models have the advantage of having a Hamilto-nian, whereas 3D vortex filament or tube systems do not necessarily have one, although they do have action functionals. On the other hand, certain classes of...

Iatrogenic injury to the aortic valve is a rare but frequently reported complication during mitral valve surgeries. Intraoperative 2-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE) has a major impact in diagnosing these injuries, so that timely intervention is possible. However, 2D TEE has lot of limitations during the perioperative period, which can be overcome by the three dimensional e...

Abstract: Möbius cubes are an important class of hypercube variants. This paper addresses how to embed a family of disjoint 2D meshes into a Möbius cube. Two major contributions of this paper are: (1) For n ≥ 1, there exists a 2 × 2 mesh that can be embedded in the n-dimensional Möbius cube with dilation 1 and expansion 1. (2) For n ≥ 4, there are two disjoint 4 × 2 meshes that can be embedded ...

Purpose. To compare the measurements of fetal nuchal fold (NF) thickness by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography using the three-dimensional extended imaging (3DXI). Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed with 60 healthy pregnant women with a gestational age between 16 and 20 weeks and 6 days. The 2D-NF measurements were made as the distance from the outer sku...

a chaos control method suggested by erjaee has been reviewed. it has been shown that thistechnique can be applied in various evolutionary systems of 2-dimensional types. the method has beenapplied for cases of the henon map, as well as burger’s map. the limitations of the control techniquehave also been discussed by considering the standard map and the gumowski-mira map. the resultsobtained thr...

OBJECTIVE To develop a technique for volumetric analysis of real time three dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) data aimed at quantifying left ventricular (LV) mass and to validate the technique against magnetic resonance (MR) assumed as the reference standard. DESIGN RT3DE, which has recently become widely available, provides dynamic pyramidal data structures that encompass the entire heart...

Two-dimensional (2D) Dirac bands and flat are characteristics of a kagome lattice. However, experimental studies on their electrical transport few, because three-dimensional (3D) bulk materials, consisting stacked 2D layers, dominate the transport. We report magnetoresistance (MR) study material, ${\mathrm{Co}}_{3}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{2}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. Based analysis temperature, magnetic field, f...

Abstract Dimensionality serves as an indispensable ingredient in any attempt to formulate low-dimensional physics, and studying the dimensional crossover at a fundamental level is challenging. The purpose of this work study hierarchical crossovers, namely from three dimensions (3D) quasi-2D then 1D. Our system consists 3D Bose–Einstein condensate trapped anisotropic 2D optical lattice character...

By introduction of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid as a second organic ligand, two new divalent metal(II) phosphonates with a 3D framework structure, namely, [Zn(HL1)(bdc)(0.5)] (1) and [Cd(1.5)(HL2)(bdc)(0.5)] (2) (H(2)L1 = H(2)O(3)PCH(NH(2))C(6)H(5), H(3)L2 = H(2)O(3)PCH(2)-NC(5)H(9)-COOH, H(2)bdc = HOOCC(6)H(4)COOH), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The two compounds show th...