This paper describes a new robust and fully automatic method for calibration of three-dimensional (3D) freehand ultrasound. 3D Freehand ultrasound consists in mounting a position sensor on a standard probe. The echographic B-scans can be localized in 3D, and can be compounded into a volume. However, especially for quantitative use, this process dramatically requires a calibration procedure that...

A method for segmenting the 3D shape of curved needles in solid tissue is described. An actuator attached to the needle outside the tissue vibrates at frequencies between 600 Hz and 6500 Hz, while 3D power Doppler ultrasound imaging is applied to detect the resulting motion of the needle shaft and surrounding tissue. The cross section of the vibrating needle is detected across the series of 2D ...

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has been utilized primarily to evaluate plaque formation of the coronary and carotid arteries. Several studies have reported three-dimensional (3D) IVUS image reconstruction algorithms to better provide anatomical information of the arterial wall structure. However, most of previous 3D IVUS studies provided unrealistic morphology and acoustic information in the a...

This thesis presents a 3D semi-automatic segmentation technique for extracting the lumen surface of the Carotid arteries including the bifurcation from 3D and 4D ultrasound images. Ultrasound images are inherently noisy. Therefore, to aid the inspection of the acquired data, an adaptive edge preserving filtering technique is used to reduce the general high noise level. The segmentation process ...

This paper possesses information about the Creation of Rendering 3D Haptic Shapes in MidAir Using Ultrasound. Today’s haptic Technology is all around us & changed rapidly over the last few years with touch feedback & used in entertainment, rehabilitation and even surgical training. The buzz of your smartphone as you tap the keys, or the rumble of your Wii controller as you smash a tennis ball a...

Muscle fascicles curve along their length, with the curvatures occurring around regions of high intramuscular pressure, and are necessary for mechanical stability. Fascicles are typically considered to lie in fascicle planes that are the planes visualized during dissection or two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound scans. However, it has previously been predicted that fascicles must curve in three-dime...

To examine the role of three-dimensional (3D) volume estimation in predicting pituitary down-regulation in an IVF-embryo transfer programme, 46 women were treated with buserelin acetate for down-regulation prior to and concomitantly with ovarian stimulation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used for statistics. The area under the curve (AUC) provides a measure to show ...

background: various uterine disorders lead to infertility in women of reproductive ages. this study was performed to describe common uterine causes of infertility and sonographic evaluation of them for midwives.   methods:to study the literatures, manuscripts published at “pubmed”, “elsevier”, “google scholar”, “sid” and original text books, between 1985 and 2015, were carefully reviewed, using...

56 Introduction Recent advances in prenatal diagnosis and therapy has been made possible with the invention of newer imaging modalities including 3D and 4D ultrasound. Two dimensional ultrasound remains the method by which most fetal structural abnormalities are screened and diagnosed, however 3D and 4D are being used increasingly for the examination of the human fetus. Two dimensional scanning...

Advanced ultrasound technology has been a valuable tool in the assessment of placental anatomy and physiology. Con­ ventional two­dimensional (2D) sonography reveals placental morphological characteristics, 2D color Doppler can assess blood flow in the placenta, 2D power Doppler can evaluate placental vascular trees, and three­dimensional (3D) ultra­ sound gives more detailed information on the...