OBJECTIVE To study how the choice of national EQ-5D tariff may affect utility and incremental quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) estimates. METHODS South Swedish rheumatoid arthritis patients in an observational study, starting and continuing anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) monotherapy (n=54) or anti-TNF plus methotrexate (n=215) for 1 year during May 2002 to April 2009, were included. EQ-5D...

This paper studies the impact of trade liberalization in terms of tariff cuts within the Eastern European enlargement on German and Austrian firm productivity. Unique matching of data from 1994 to 2003 suggests that tariff reductions raise parent firm productivity significantly. A ten percentage point decrease in tariff rates can lead to total factor productivity gains of up to 2 percent. The d...

Low-income households spend a substantial share of their income on utility services such as electricity, heating and water. The difficulty these socially vulnerable consumers have in affording further tariff increases is often used as an argument against tariff reform. However, detailed information on the utility expenditures of different consumer groups and the affordability implications of ta...

In February 2006 the Department of Health introduced a new home oxygen service with the aim of improving the assessment of patients on oxygen and allowing access to newer technologies such as ambulatory oxygen. Oxygen is provided following completion of a home oxygen order form and is allocated a predetermined tariff according to the delivery device and usage. In South East Essex there are curr...

This paper investigates the relationship between tariff and growth in the Australian economy over the period from 1871 to 2002. The study is motivated by the debate on the apparent ‘tariff-growth paradox’, a sign switch in the link between tariff rate and growth between the first and second episodes of globalization in world history, established from cross-country growth regressions. The long a...

The wide variety of pricing policies used in practice by data sellers suggests that there are significant challenges sets. In this paper, we develop a utility framework is appropriate for buyers and the corresponding seller. Buyers interested purchasing set have private valuations two aspects—their ideal record they value most, rate at which their valuation records decays as differ from buyers’...