Antivenom antibody titers following administration of rattlesnake venom for antivenom production in horses are well documented; however, antivenom antibody titers following natural rattlesnake envenomation in horses are not. Antibody titers produced in response to the commercially available rattlesnake venom vaccine are also not published. Our study objectives were to measure antivenom antibody...

Clenbuterol is a b2-agonist bronchodilator and mucokinetic drug. When administered at the recommended dose of 0.8 mg/kg q 12 h, it reaches plasma levels that should relax airway smooth muscle. However, the measurable degree of bronchodilation achieved may not always be clinically obvious even in horses with heaves. After a ten-day treatment (0.8 mg/kg q 12 h), the half-life of elimination from ...

A nonlinear time domain seakeeping analysis has been performed for high-speed displacement hulls advancing in head seas with regular waves. An hybrid approach has been employed, solving the unsteady hydrodynamic problem in the frequency domain and the equations of motion in the time domain. A three dimensional Rankine panel method has been used in order to solve the hydrodynamic boundary value ...

BACKGROUND There are Swedish animal welfare regulations concerning the body condition of horses and general advice on keeping horses including that horses should be fed so that they do not become over- or underweight relative to their use. Compliance is assessed by official animal welfare inspectors. The objective of this study was to determine whether the national animal welfare control databa...

BACKGROUND This study was performed to determine the prevalence of ulcers in the gastric squamous and glandular mucosa in Polish pleasure horses. STUDY DESIGN Medical records from gastroscopic examinations of 108 pleasure horses of different breeds were reviewed. The study population consisted of two groups; group I (n = 48) with horses that expressed mild clinical signs of gastric ulcer synd...

Acute colic in horses, especially presentations requiring surgical correction, such as large colon volvulus, very often involves defective or excess platelet activation. The PFA-100 is a new point-of-care analyser that evaluates platelet function by measuring closure time (CT) in the whole blood of healthy horses in a standardised manner. However, there are no reports on platelet function in ho...

Some captive/domestic animals respond to confinement by becoming inactive and unresponsive to external stimuli. Human inactivity is one of the behavioural markers of clinical depression, a mental disorder diagnosed by the co-occurrence of symptoms including deficit in selective attention. Some riding horses display 'withdrawn' states of inactivity and low responsiveness to stimuli that resemble...

In Switzerland, the prevalence and incidence of equine piroplasma parasite (EPP) infections are unknown. In order to obtain a first insight into the prevalence, a representative sample of 689 sera of horses from Switzerland was serologically tested for the presence of antibodies directed against T. equi and B. caballi using the Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). A total of 50 (7.3%) ho...

We characterized the scintigraphic and sonographic appearance of the thyroid gland in clinically normal horses to establish the value of these modalities for assessment of the thyroid gland in this species. Horses were divided into two age groups. One group consisted of eight horses between 3 and 10 years of age and the other of seven horses between 11 and 20 years of age. Total T4 concentratio...