Cognitive functioning is critical as in our daily life a host of real-world complex decisions in high-stakes markets have to be made. The decision-making process can be vulnerable to environmental stressors. Summarizing the growing economic and epidemiologic evidence linking air pollution, cognition performance and real-world decision-making, we first illustrate key physiological and psychologi...

OBJECTIVE To bring into focus the existence of respiratory hazards due to air pollution as a result of industrialization, tobacco smoking (personal pollution), domestic pollution and vehicular fuel combustion on the African continent; and to stimulate health workers, and the various governments in Africa, to devote more attention to the subject of air pollution by engaging in and encouraging mu...

Early concerns regarding the health-related effects of air pollution originated from severe episodes in Meuse Valley, Belgium, in 1930; Donora, Pennsylvania, in 1948; and London, in 1952. Although the overall effects of these episodes continue to be debated, well-documented, episode-related increases in morbidity and mortality from cardiopulmonary causes provided dramatic evidence that extremel...

the centralization of human activities is associated with different pollutants which enter into environment easily and cause the urban environment more vulnerable. regarding the importance of air pollution issue for tehran metropolis, many plans and regulations have been developed. however, most of them failed to decline the pollution. the purpose of this study was to pathologically analyze air...

This study proposes an integrative methodology for the environmental assessment of urban parks. Since most of the studies that investigated the environmental effect of urban parks have focused on only one or two nuisances, a difficulty exists in evaluating the overall influence of urban parks on environmental quality. Moreover, the small number of studies that have tried to suggest methodologic...

BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution and malnutrition, particularly anemia, are risk factors for pneumonia, a leading cause of death in children under five. We simultaneously assessed these risk factors in Quito, Ecuador. METHODS In 2005, we studied two socioeconomically similar neighborhoods in Quito: Lucha de los Pobres (LP) and Jaime Roldos (JR). LP had relatively high levels of air pollution ...

Hebei is one of the most air polluted provinces in China. According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) for the severe fog-haze month of Jan. 2013, seven of the top ten most polluted cities in China are located in Hebei Province. In this study, the air pollution history and status of the Hebei Province are reviewed and discussed, using the governmental published Air Pollution Inde...

OBJECTIVE To review the effects of air pollution on health, with special reference to data obtained locally in Hong Kong. DATA SOURCES Medline literature search (1960-1999), websites of the World Health Organization and Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong, and a report from the Sub-Working Group on the Review of Hong Kong's Air Quality Objectives, 1999. STUDY SELECTION Key words ...

Ambient (outdoor) air pollution is now recognized as an important problem, both nationally and worldwide. Our scientific understanding of the spectrum of health effects of air pollution has increased, and numerous studies are finding important health effects from air pollution at levels once considered safe. Children and infants are among the most susceptible to many of the air pollutants. In a...

BACKGROUND Associations between air pollution and a multitude of health effects are now well established. Given ubiquitous exposure to some level of air pollution, the attributable health burden can be high, particularly for susceptible populations. OBJECTIVES An international multidisciplinary workshop was convened to discuss evidence of the effectiveness of actions to reduce health impacts ...