BACKGROUND Finding the right word is a necessity in communication, and its evaluation has always been a challenging clinical issue, suggesting the need for valid and reliable measurements. The Homophone Meaning Generation Test (HMGT) can measure the ability to switch between verbal concepts, which is required in word retrieval. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the Persian ver...

houshang, second mythical king of iran, is introduced as pishdad in historical texts. he had the most important duties such as collecting water in ponds, ordering to hunt wild animals, clothes making, carpeting using animal's skin, and encouraging people to agriculture. arabic historical texts are written in the early islamic centuries narrating the stories of persian kings. they were derived f...

The history of Persian as an imperial language, as a vehicle of cultural continuities, and as a focus of communal identity, whether of an ethnic, religious, aesthetic, or intellectual nature, is one of the great sagas of civilization. As such, it demands comparison with similar stories if we are to understand the processes at work, both in their general similarities and in their specific differ...

background: the effect of poor psychosocial work conditions on health status has widely been discussed in occupational literature. job content questionnaire (jcq) is a widely accepted instrument for evaluation of psychosocial work conditions. objective: to determine the reliability and validity of persian version of jcq. methods: the questionnaire was translated into persian and back translated...

recovering a part of the lost identity of iranian language and culture, the abbasid period is considered to have played an important role in persian language and history. the nationalist movement came to its maximum power in this period. the nationalists tried to prove the iranian talent the ancient persian civilization through a direct conflict by sword or pen. although both politics faced a s...

ketab-ol-ein, which was written by ahmad farahidi, is one of the oldest dictionaries that exist today. in the preliminary discussion we mentioned that, although historical sources show that the work of ibn abbas looks like a dictionary, it is becoming accepted that ketab-ol-ein is the first dictionary. the article starts with explanations about the life and work of khalilibn ahmad. we have also...

studying the history of science in ancient civilizations can help to shed light on the mysteries of the history of science as well as the contribution of nations to the growth of science in the world throughout the history. among various branches of science, medicine is of particular importance and owing to the crucial role of physicians in this discipline; the present study has taken the role ...