Abstract: Mystic literature (Irfān) in general and Sufi literature in particular has always been alluring to the scholars interestingly working in different fields from literary, religious, philosophical, historical to other fields which may have little in common. Among Sufi theologians, Farid ud-Din Attar Neishabouri is the one whom no one has ever been able to surpass in creating works which ...

Muhammad Iqbal’s cultural, literary, and philosophical influence on the Indian subcontinent, especially his impact on the events that led to the birth of the state of Pakistan cannot be denied.  Prior to visiting Europe, Iqbāl had gained profound understanding of Islamic teachings.  While in Europe, he acquired deep knowledge of Western scholarship and was also exposed to Western philosophical ...

english abstracts / 11 ibn anbari s principles and style in the book al-ensaf fi masael al-khelaf eisa motaghi zadeh * majid mohammadi ** abstract after combing arabic language with non arabic and expanding the issue of diction, linguists tried to preserve the quran language, consequently they decided to legislate some special rules for facilitating the teaching of arabic grammar. very soon, su...

in the “critique of pure reason (kritik der reinen vernunft)” kant apply the ‘judgment’ as an entry to his philosophical system and according to which he offers quadra division of propositions and with analyzing of this propositions he try to reach his implications and results. so basic philosophical categories like possibility of metaphysics, causality, universality, necessity, explanation of ...

In 1946, the British biochemist Joseph Needham returned from a four-year stay in China. Needham scholars have considered this visit as a revelatory period that paved the way for his famous book series Science and Civilization in China (SCC). Surprisingly, however, Needham's actual time in China has remained largely unstudied over the last seventy years. As director of the Sino-British Scientifi...

Jorjanie was born in 433 AH. Elgod said: there is no exact information about his birth place and his date of birth is in the middle of 11th century. He was a student of Ebn Abi Sadegh, the famous Iranian physician. Ebn Abi Sadegh joined the two famous Iranian physicians because he was student of Avicenna for some time and at the end of his life he had a student, which was brilliant and intellig...

This critique of Gould was originally designed as the final segment of the introduction to my edition of Darwin’s On the Origin of Species (2003). The critique was written shortly before the publication of Gould’s last big book, The Structure of Evolutionary Theory (2002). In that book, he recapitulates the ideas and stratagems he had developed over the past three decades: anti-adaptationism, “...

in addition to his revolutionary philosophy and his fundamental criticism on psychoanalysis to which he owes his fame, gilles deleuze, the great philosopher, devotes an important part of his thought to formulating the ontology of cinematic image and hence turned out to be known as the only philosopher of cinema. thanks to the multiple classifications of images and creating philosophical concept...

one of the greatest scholars related to islamic-arabic culture is ibn-tufail whose authority in the field of philosophy of science and medicine and intellectual activities is worthy of praise .however, none of his works remained except his odes in medicine and hayy-ibn-yaghzan dissertation. the latter is the most important of his works ,containing his deep philosophical thoughts and applying fa...