Purpose: the present paper compares two reference books the Encyclopedia World of Islam &  Encyclopedia  of Islam– Leiden  with regard to the whole process of compiling the encyclopedia, and to conduct an evaluative content analysis . Methodology: This is a comparative survey and a study of content analysis. The data collection tool in the comparative survey section is a questionnaire, and in...

In the present era, political, cultural and social thoughts, attitudes and activities have passed national boundaries and distributed globally; affected by different thoughts and interact with them. This issues are all influenced by globalization processes. Therefore, globalization in the political, cultural and social dimensions has led to consequences that could create opportunities for diffe...

one of the most important debates in islamic ethics is the place of humanethics and its priority or posteriority in relation to the jurisprudence which deals with acts of worship. given the diverse approaches towards islam, there are different ideas on thisproblem. some muslims overlook human principles in the name of religion in their approach to islam. some others try to interpret islam in su...

One of the most important debates in Islamic ethics is the place of humanethics and its priority or posteriority in relation to the jurisprudence which deals with acts of worship. Given the diverse approaches towards Islam, there are different ideas on thisproblem. Some Muslims overlook human principles in the name of religion in their approach to Islam. Some others try to interpret Islam in su...

With the advent and spread of Islam, in addition to Arabs, people from other races and nations turned to Islam. Prejudices, ethnic and tribal affiliations, and blood ties among the pre-Islamic Arabs, on the one hand and on the other hand, the advent of Islam among Arabs brought about this idea among the Arabs after Islam that it appears that Arab Muslims were superior and first-class citizens w...

In this research, the Gairdner’s new strategy in characterization of Prophet of Islam is being explored. The research question is how a biased approach to description of Prophet of Islam, despite its scientific and academic appearance, has presented a distorted account of the Prophet’s life. The ideas produced by this approach don’t aim to show features of Islam and its prophet to the west, but...