The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number Model is a conceptual model intended for estimating effective rainfall (ER). This grounded in parameter – referred to as (CN), which determined from information on the characteristics of watershed. Standard Method (M1) determining CN based soil and land-use tables; however, some authors have proposed alternative methodologies defining value monitored r...

This study presents a revised and calibrated Soil Conservation Service (SCS) curve number (CN) rainfall runoff model for predicting in Malaysia using new power correlation Ia = SL, where L represents the initial abstraction coefficient ratio. The traditional SCS-CN with proposed relation 0.2S is found to be unreliable, exhibits improved accuracy. emphasizes need design flood control infrastruct...

In this paper a Monte Carlo procedure for deriving frequency distributions of extreme discharges starting from a simplified description of rainfall and surface runoff processes and using regional data is presented. The procedure is based on two modules: a stochastic rainfall generator module and a catchment response module. In the rainfall generator module the rainfall storm, i.e. the maximum r...

Recently, volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) has demonstrated the ability to deliver radiation dose precisely and accurately with a shorter delivery time compared to conventional intensity-modulated fixed-field treatment (IMRT). We applied the hypothesis of VMAT technique for the treatment of thoracic esophageal carcinoma to determine superior or equivalent conformal dose coverage for a la...

The alteration of spatial patterns landscape interrupts water balance components in Bilate basin Ethiopia. aim is to characterize the spatio-temporal variation surface-subsurface hydrological using WetSpass model comprising soil type, topography, groundwater depth, and slope. Environment for Visualizing Images (ENVI) Arc-GIS software were assimilated classification Landsat images from 1989 2019...

Flash floods occur periodically in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia, due to several factors including its rugged topography and geological structures. Hence, precise assessment of floods becomes a more vital demand in development planning. A GIS-based methodology has been developed for quantifying and spatially mapping the flood characteristics. The core of this new approach is integrating several top...

The SCS curve number (SCS-CN) method has gained widespread popularity for simulating rainfall excess in various events due to its simplicity and practicality. However, it possesses inherent structural issues that limit performance accurately infiltration over time. objective of this study was develop a modified CN with temporally varying intensity (MCN-TVR) by combining soil moisture accounting...

Climate warming globally has a profound effect on the hydrological regime, amplifying evapotranspiration and precipitation accelerating processes of snow melt permafrost thaw. However, in context small river basins—those encompassing less than 10,000 km2—the response regime to climate change is intricate not yet been thoroughly understood. In this study, Zhizdra River Basin, typical basin easte...