The history of early attempts of blood transfusion in Iran traces back to the 1940s; however, around three decades later in 1974, the Iranian National Blood Transfusion Service (Sazeman-e Melli-e Enteqal-e Khun-e Iran) was founded by the outstanding hematologist, Professor Fereydoun Ala. The main goals of this centralized organization were to collect blood from healthy voluntary donors, to scre...

Veterinarians can serve some of their more progressive commercial cow-calf clients by introducing them to the option of becoming an embryo transfer (ET) contract recipient herd. Contract recipient herds receive embryos from owners of purebred herds, have those embryos transferred to their synchronous recipient cows, calve and raise those ET calves to weaning when they are sold back to the embry...

We investigate how a supply chain, formed by a risk-neutral supplier and a riskaverse retailer, can be coordinated with a supply contract. We demonstrate that the standard wholesale, buy-back or revenue-sharing contracts do not coordinate such a channel. We propose a definition of coordination of the supply chain, and design an easy-to-implement risk-sharing contract that offers the desired dow...

BACKGROUND Family physician plans in Iran face several challenges, one of which is developing attractive and efficient contracts that motivate physicians to participate in the plan. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to elicit GPs' preferences for family physician contracts. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study using the conjoint analysis technique, 580 GPs selected from the family phys...

F iscal regime is one of the main differences between petroleum contracts. Fiscal regimes in oil contracts are divided to two main categories namely Concessionary and Contractual Systems. In contractual systems, the main difference between service and production sharing contracts is the way of compensation of contractor services which could be in cash or in kind. In production sharin...

A very rich and reliable bookie posts odds on a horse race. He values a contract which pays a pound of gold if Stewball wins at one ounce of gold. He values a contract which pays a pound of gold if Molly wins at one ounce of gold. He will buy or sell these contracts in any quantity at what he considers the fair price or better. Suppose that he also deals in contracts which pay a pound of gold i...

a contractual relationship is commonly based on statements, expectations, acts and omissions out of which some will, and others will not, give rise to contractual obligations. to avoid uncertainty as to what is agreed, the contract parties often enter into a written contract that is supposed to express the final agreement between them and prevent the parties from relying on rights and obligatio...