la caldera” is a high mountain lake located in sierra nevada, spain. for its position andcharacteristics it is considered as an important “sensor” for global changes. water samples were collectedduring the ice-free season in order to observe changes in the bacterial community structure. experiments were carried out complementing culture and culture-independent methods. strong variations of the ...

The bacterial antigen test (BAT) screens cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or other body fluids for antigens of classic bacterial meningitis pathogens (i.e., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b [Hib], group B Streptococcus species, Neisseria meningitidis, and Escherichia coli K1) (7). The utility of the BAT has been questioned in several published reports (2, 5, 6, 8, 12, 15). Furth...

Tobacco is the most commonly used plant for expression of transgenes from a variety of organisms, because it is easily grown and transformed, it provides abundant amounts of fresh tissue and has a well-established cell culture system. Many bacterial proteins involved in the synthesis of commercial products are currently engineered for production in tobacco. Bacterial enzymes synthesized in toba...

a 5-year-old male cross-bred guard dog with signs of anorexia, vomiting and jaundice was referred to small animal hospital, faculty of veterinary medicine, university of tehran. initial diagnostic laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, haemoconcentration, azotaemia, high liver enzyme activities, proteinuria and bilirubinuria. aggressive therapeutic procedures failed to improv...

Trauma intensive care unit (TICU) patients requiring mechanical respiratory support frequently develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Oral and oropharyngeal bacteria are believed to be responsible for many cases of VAP, but definitive evidence of this relationship is lacking. Earlier studies used conventional culture-based methods for identification of bacterial pathogens, but these met...

We used broad-range bacterial PCR combined with DNA sequencing to examine prospectively cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with suspected meningitis. Fifty-six CSF samples from 46 patients were studied during the year 1995. Genes coding for bacterial 16S and/or 23S rRNA genes could be amplified from the CSF samples from five patients with a clinical picture consistent with acute ba...

Since many pathogenic organisms gain access to the blood stream during the initial and acute*stages of bacterial infections, their isolation from the blood constitutes an. important diagnostic procedure. Many of these organisms have been found to vary considerably in their nutritional requirements; hence the selection of suitable media for their primaiy isolation becomes Particularly important....

background detection of fastidious enteropathogenic bacteria in fecal samples of patients with gastroenteritis is a challenge in clinical microbiological laboratories. objectives the aim of this study was to compare the detection limits of the pcr and culture methods for the diagnosis of campylobacter spp., yersinia spp., clostridium perfringens, and clostridium difficile in human stool samples...