For intra-fractionally moving tumours such as lung cancer, treatments with scanned particles [1] without motion compensation can cause unacceptable local underor over-dosage due to interplay effects of sequential dose delivery and target motion [2]. In order to treat moving tumours with scanned particle beams, a beam tracking system, 3DOMC system, was developed [3] and upgraded [4,5]. The beam ...

The dynamic characteristic of a space rotating flexible arm with moving mass were investigated. can rotate around the fixed end in horizontal and vertical planes simultaneously. And lateral deflections two considered. equations structure derived by Lagrange’s equation assumed mode method. system binary second order linear differential is gotten. Based on central difference method, conditionally...

In this paper, the analytical solution of an electric and Volterra edge dislocation in a functionally graded piezoelectric (FGP) medium is obtained by means of complex Fourier transform. The system is subjected to in-plane mechanical and electrical loading. The material properties of the medium vary exponentially with coordinating parallel to the crack. In this study, the rate of the gradual ch...

This paper develops a sliding mode control law to control two robotic arms handling a flexible beam that is modeled using B-spline approximation. Simulation results for two three joint arms moving a flexible beam are presented to validate the theoretical results.

A collimator is often used to clean a beam of its excessive tail particles. If the beam intensity is high enough or if the beam is brought too close to the collimator, however, the wakefields generated by the beam-collimator interaction can cause additional beam tails to grow, thus defeating, or even worsening, the beam-tail cleaning process. The wakefield generated by a sheet beam moving past ...

Determining early specular reflection paths is essential for room acoustics modeling. Beam tracing algorithms have been used to calculate these paths efficiently, thus allowing modeling of acoustics in real-time with a moving listener in simple, or complex but densely occluded, environments with a stationary sound source. In this paper it is shown that beam tracing algorithms can still be optim...

This paper presents a new approach of health monitor using the curvature of the influence line. The study included numerical simulation and experimental test of Hbeam to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new approach. The specific work includes: loading test method for moving vehicular to measure displacement influence line of beam structure, obtaining Eigen-damage intrinsic mode function (I...

This study presents the effect of porosity on mechanical behaviors of a power distribution functionally graded beam. The Euler-Bernoulli beam is assumed to describe the kinematic relations and constitutive equations. Because of technical problems, particle size shapes and micro-voids are created during the fabrication which should be taken into consideration. Two porosity models are proposed. T...

This paper seeks to develop simple yet practical and efficient control scheme that enables cooperating arms to handle a flexible beam. Specifically the problem studied herein is that of two arms rigidly grasping a flexible beam and such capable of generating forces/moments in such away as to move a flexible beam along a predefined trajectory. The paper develops a sliding mode control law that p...

Electron cooling that results when a bunch of electrons overlaps a bunch of ions , with both bunches moving at the same velocity, may be considered to be an intrabeam scattering process. The process is similar to the usual intrabeam scattering, where the ions scatter from each other and usually results in beam growth. An important difference is that in electron cooling the mass of the ion is di...