Let $S$ be an ordered semigroup. A fuzzy subset of $S$ is anarbitrary mapping   from $S$ into $[0,1]$, where $[0,1]$ is theusual interval of real numbers. In this paper,  the concept of fuzzygeneralized bi-ideals of an ordered semigroup $S$ is introduced.Regular ordered semigroups are characterized by means of fuzzy leftideals, fuzzy right ideals and fuzzy (generalized) bi-ideals.Finally, two m...

Formation of topological quantum phase on a conventional semiconductor surface is of both scientific and technological interest. Here, we demonstrate epitaxial growth of 2D topological insulator, i.e., quantum spin Hall state, on Si(111) surface with a large energy gap, based on first-principles calculations. We show that the Si(111) surface functionalized with one-third monolayer of halogen at...

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of a mid-infrared laser and detector utilizing a bi-functional quantum cascade active region. When biased, this active region provides optical gain, while it can be used as a detector at zero bias. With our novel approach we can measure the light intensity of the laser on the same chip without the need of external lenses or detectors. Based on a bound-t...

Exploration of novel electromagnetic phenomena is a subject of great interest in topological quantum materials. One of the unprecedented effects to be experimentally verified is the topological magnetoelectric (TME) effect originating from an unusual coupling of electric and magnetic fields in materials. A magnetic heterostructure of topological insulator (TI) hosts such exotic magnetoelectric ...

On the surface, bi- and multilingualism would seem to be an ideal context for exploring questions of typological proximity. The obvious intuition is that the more closely related two languages are, the easier it should be to implement the two languages in one mind. This is the starting point adopted here, but we immediately run into the difficulty that the overwhelming majority of cognitive, co...

Pigs are ideal organ donors for xenotransplantation and an excellent model for studying human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disease. Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are used widely for gene targeting in various model animals. Here, we developed a strategy using TALENs to target the GGTA1, Parkin and DJ-1 genes in the porcine genome using Large White porcine fibrob...

Magnets are the principal market for superconductors, but making attractive conductors out of the high-temperature cuprate superconductors (HTSs) has proved difficult because of the presence of high-angle grain boundaries that are generally believed to lower the critical current density, J(c). To minimize such grain boundary obstacles, HTS conductors such as REBa2Cu3O(7-x) and (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu...

We investigate the Tits boundary of locally compact CAT (0) 2-complexes. In particular we show that away from the endpoints, a geodesic segment in the Tits boundary is the ideal boundary of an isometrically embedded Euclidean sector. As applications, we provide sufficient conditions for two points in the Tits boundary to be the endpoints of a geodesic in the 2-complex and for a group generated ...

The use of enzymes to catalyze chemical reactions has increased these recent years. Several models have been developed express the kinetics over biocatalysts. most well-known them, Michaelis-Menten, is used when only one substrate adsorbs on enzyme. In case esterification reaction, i.e., bimolecular system, a more complex kinetic model such as Ping-Pong Bi-Bi should be applied. advanced essenti...

generalizing the concepts of -fuzzy (left, right, lateral) ideals, -fuzzy quasi-ideals and   -fuzzy bi (generalized bi-) ideals in ternary semigroups, the notions of -fuzzy (left, right, lateral) ideals, -fuzzy quasi-ideals and -fuzzy bi (generalized bi-) in ternary semigroups are introduced and several related properties are investigated. some new results are obtained.