OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To identify complex cases of tympanojugular paraganglioma (TJP) and to analyze their management and surgical outcome. To present strategy and guidelines on how to deal with the perioperative complicating factors. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis. METHODS We retrospectively studied 212 TJP patients to identify the complex cases and analyzed their management and surgi...

Early insults to the thalamus result in functional and/or structural abnormalities in the cerebral cortex. However, differences in behavioral and cognitive changes after early insult are not well characterized. The present study assessed whether early postnatal damage to mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD), reciprocally interconnected with the prefrontal cortex, causes behavioral and cogni...

We report on three resected cases of intrapulmonary plasma cell granuloma. All of them were asymptomatic. One of them showed bilateral multiple lesions and in this case bilateral partial resections of lung in one stage were performed. Under light and electron microscopy the lesions were composed of plasma cells and other kinds of inflammatory cell. The plasma cells were mature and had rich endo...

Paramesonephric duct remnants are an infrequent cause of abdominal symptoms in childhood. Preoperative diagnosis is often difficult and diagnosis is usually made at surgery. We report a rare presentation of an acute abdomen in a child with bilateral inflamed fimbrial cysts. Ultrasound revealed the presence of a multicystic lesion behind bladder. It was only at laparotomy the diagnosis of bilate...

Bilateral abductor vocal cord palsy is comparatively a rare vocal cord lesion, especially in a patient with no history of neck mass, previous surgery or trauma. Many patients are not stridulous. A patient presenting with stridor may need emergency airway management before the other treatment is commenced. We report a case of bilateral abductor palsy which required an emergency tracheostomy and ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is an uncommon type of transneuronal degeneration. Case reports and case series described in the literature provide a foundation of our current knowledge of HOD. These reports have described HOD most frequently to be unilateral and occurring in association with lesions in the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway. Our purpose was to evaluat...

Retinoblastoma is a malignant embryonal tumour of childhood arising at the expense of retinal cones. It has an incidence of 1 per 15,000 to 20,000 births. In 90% of cases, it is diagnosed before the age of 3 years. The possibility of conservative management depends on early diagnosis (Moll et al., 1996). However, although treatment strategies have advanced considerably, the visual prognosis is ...

Introduction: Memantine (MEM) is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist clinically used for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) in mild to severe conditions. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of memantine on the spontaneous firing frequency of CA1 pyramidal neurons in rats caused by an electrical lesion of Nucleus Basalis Magnocellularis (...

Simultaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tibial tuberosity in teenagers is a rare lesion. We describe the first case in the literature, in a teenage girl who sustained a fall while jumping during a volleyball match. No predisposing factors were iden tified. The lesions were treated with open surgical reduction and internal fixation. The aim of the present study was to present a case of s...

Three cases of bilateral anterior cerebral artery occlusion are presented with akinetic mutism. The anatomical distribution of the infarction in these patients combined with cases in the literature suggests that this syndrome can have a localizing value for the clinician. If increased intraventricular pressure is not present, the clinician can suspect a bilateral lesion of cingulate gyrus, medi...