Predicting non-ideal airblast loads is presently a complex computational art requiring many hours of high-performance computing to evaluate a single blast scenario. The goal of this research is to develop a method for predicting blast loads in a non-ideal environment in real time. The proposed method is incorporated in a fast-running model for rapid assessment of blast loads in complex configur...

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (5'-N) activities were examined in peripheral leukocytes from patients with leukemias, including nine patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blast crisis. Four of none cases of CML in blast crisis were myeloid and the remaining lymphoid morphologically. The diagnosis of CML in lymphoid blast crisis was further contributed by the measur...

Blast-associated shock wave-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) remains a persistent risk for armed forces worldwide, yet its detailed pathophysiology remains to be fully investigated. In this study, we have designed and characterized a laboratory-scale shock tube to develop a rodent model of bTBI. Our blast tube, driven by a mixture of oxygen and acetylene, effectively generates blast overpr...

Purpose The role of ear canal in transmitting blast waves to the brain is not clear. The goal of this work is to characterize the influence of ear canal on blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury through a computational approach. Methods A three-dimensional human head model with single-side ear canal details was reconstructed from computed tomography images. The ear canal was positioned eithe...

The paper defines and describes blast waves, their interaction with a structure and its subsequent response. Explosions generate blast waves, which need not be due to explosives. A blast wave consists of two parts: a shock wave and a blast wind. The paper explains how shock waves are formed and their basic properties. The physics of blast waves is non-linear and therefore non-intuitive. To unde...

Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. How the primary blast wave affects the brain is not well understood. In particular, it is unclear whether blast injures the brain through mechanisms similar to those found in non-blast closed impact injuries (nbTBI). The β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide associated with th...

Transmission of blast waves is a complex phenomenon and the characteristics vary with blast design parameters and geo-technical properties of medium. Frequency of vibration and triggering component for structural excitation generally quantifies safe vibration magnitude. At closer distance or higher elevations than the blast locations, vertical or transverse component will be the first arrival t...

In this work the effect of the accuracy of a FAE detonation modeling on the generated blast wave is investigated. First, a one-dimensional numerical simulation with a reduced chemical kinetics of C2H2-O2-Ar, involving 25 elementary reactions, is used as the base model. The properties of the blast calculated with this model is compared with those of simpler models, the similarity solution of Tay...