in the present study, carbon species including organic carbon (oc), elemental carbon (ec), and water-soluble organic carbon (wsoc) concentration in pm2.5 were assessed at an urban site of tehran, iran during march to june 2014. the pm2.5 samples were collected using an frmomnitm ambient air sampler. thermal gravimetric analysis (tga) was used to analyze oc and ec. the results showed that pm2.5 ...

carbon nanostructures are famous structures which are used in several industries such as separation, treatment, energy storage (i.e. methane and hydrogen storage), etc. a successful modeling of activated carbon preparation is very important in saving time and money. there are some attempts to achieve the appropriate theoretical modeling of activated carbon preparation but most of them were almo...

Aluminum (Al) anodization leads to formation of porous structures with a broad spectrum of applications. Naturally or intentionally created defects on Al surfaces can greatly affect pore initiation. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding on the defect dependent morphology evolution. In this paper, anodization processes on unpolished, polished, and nanoimprinted Al substrates...

Fused silica subwavelength structures (SWSs) with an average period of ~100 nm were fabricated using an efficient approach based on one-step self-masking reactive ion etching. The subwavelength structures exhibited excellent broadband antireflection properties from the ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelength range. These properties are attributable to the graded refractive index for the transit...

Three dimensional (3D) plasmonic nanostructure is perfect for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and also very suitable for surface catalytic reaction, but how to design and fabricate is still a robust task. Here, we show a 3D plasmonic nanohybrid of vertical graphene-nanosheet sandwiched by Ag-nanoparticles on the silicon nanocone array substrate for enhanced surface catalytic reacti...

Cellular response to both surface topography and surface chemistry has been studied for several years. However, most of the studies focus on only one of the two parameters and do not consider their possible synergistic effects. Here, we report on a fabrication method for nanostructured surfaces composed of highly ordered arrays of silica nanocones with gold tips. By using a combination of block...

Enhancing the light absorption in ultrathin-film silicon solar cells is important for improving efficiency and reducing cost. We introduce a double-sided grating design, where the front and back surfaces of the cell are separately optimized for antireflection and light trapping, respectively. The optimized structure yields a photocurrent of 34.6 mA/cm(2) at an equivalent thickness of 2 μm, clos...

in the present paper, the use of a novel carbon paste electrode modified by 7,8-dihydroxy-3,3,6-trimethyl-3,4-dihydrodibenzo[b,d]furan-1(2h)-one (dtd) and oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (ocnts) is described for determination of levodopa (ld), acetaminophen (ac) and tryptophan (trp) by a simple and rapid method. at first, the electrochemical behavior of dtd is studied, then, the mediated...