We consider inference based on ensembles of climate model evaluations, and contrast the Monte Carlo approach, in which the evaluations are selected at random from the model-input space, with a more overtly statistical approach using emulators and experimental design.

BACKGROUND The immunosuppressant drugs (ISDs), tacrolimus and cyclosporine, are vital for solid organ transplant patients to prevent rejection. However, toxicity is a concern, and absorption is highly variable across patients; therefore, ISD levels need to be precisely monitored. In the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, tacrolimus and cyclosporine concentrations are typically measured using immunoass...

Platelet components (PCs) have widespread applications in clinical cases. Since PCs store in room temperature (between 20-24°C), they are susceptible to bacterial contamination. There are varied approaches for identifying bacterial contamination in PCs. These methods categorized into two groups: Firstly, culture based methods and secondly, non-culture based methods. Both of them have a coup...

The evaluations that were at the center of attention in the IRP/ASPE conference were impressive testimony to the commitment to careful evaluation on the part of the agencies involved. Compared to even a decade ago, these evaluations almost uniformly demonstrated a high level of technical knowledge and were tackling programs of the sort that previously would have gone unevaluated or would have b...

objective: fragile x syndrome is the second etiology for inherited mental retardation. it may concomitant with other psychiatric disorders. intellectual disability (id) is a state of functioning that typically begins in childhood and is characterized by limitations in intelligence and adaptive skills. we intend to introduce a male young patient with fragile x syndrome and obsessive-compulsive d...

OBJECTIVE Six neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) that are members of the Vermont Oxford National Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Collaborative for Neonatology collaborated to reduce infection rates. There were 7 centers in the original focus group, but 1 center left the collaborative after 1 year. The objective of this study was to develop strategies to decrease nosocomial infection rates...

Aiming to develop a utilization-focused evaluation approach, this article presents the process of developing culturally competent evaluation guidelines for Tobacco Control programs with American Indian/Alaska Natives, African Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, Hispanic/Latinos, LGBT, low-socioeconomic status populations, and rural populations. Through literature reviews and an interactive proc...

We have recently completed the sixth in a series of "Message Understanding Conferences" which are designed to promote and evaluate research in information extraction. MUC-6 introduced several innovations over prior MUCs, most notably in the range of different tasks for which evaluations were conducted. We describe some of the motivations for the new format and briefly discuss some of the result...