Penetration of the subarachnoid space by fetal scalp electrode Fetal scalp electrodes of various designs are used widely for continuous intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring. Minor lacerations of the scalp are common, and 1-0-4-5% of infants may develop scalp ulceration or abscess.1 2 We describe two cases in which there was penetration of the subarachnoid space with leakage of cerebrospinal ...

Intracranial hypotension syndrome (IHS) is generally caused by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Complications include bilateral subdural hygroma or haematoma and herniation of the cerebellar tonsils. Epidural blood patch (EBP) therapy is indicated if conservative treatment is ineffective. We reported the case of a 46-year-old man with a history of postural headache and dizziness. The patient ...

BACKGROUND Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) has become a well-recognized syndrome. However, diagnosis of SIH is still challenging. The problem with SIH is that the precise mechanism of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage remains largely unknown and there is no definite diagnostic criterion in the imaging. METHODS The clinical findings of our ten cases and 301 literature reports on SIH...

BACKGROUND Vertebral compression fracture is one of the frequent complications of osteoporosis. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has been applied in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, multiple myelomas and vertebral metastatic lesions. Complications of the procedure include bleeding at the puncture site, local infection, cement leakage in the vertebral canal and int...