NURSING STANDARD PERINEAL WOUNDS commonly occur in women during labour (Albers et al 2005). A cross-sectional survey of 101 randomly selected NHS trusts in the UK in the mid-1990s revealed that 83% of low risk primigravidae experienced some form of perineal trauma (Williams et al 1998). Many women also experience labial tears, grazes or vulval varicosities which are painful (Steen 2007). Perine...

Now that six years have elapsed since the study of natural childbirth was begun at Yale it seems appropriate to review the status of this philosophy in the perspective of time and experience. Not only is this appropriate, but it is necessary in view of the continuing enthusiasm of its proponents and the continuing attacks of its opponents. Is it a universally objectionable, backward step in the...

background: labor pain is one of the severest pains that cause many women request cesarean section for fear of pain. thus, controlling labor pain is a major concern of maternity care. nowadays, interest in non-pharmacological pain relief methods has been increased because of their lower side effects. the effects of discrete heat and cold on decreasing labor pain have been reported but there was...

Labor pain is one of the most tiresome types of pain. So human has been seeking to allay this pain until now. Administration of a suitable agent such as Entonox during labor is very beneficial for childbirth outcomes. Entonox can be administered in two ways: intermittently and continuously. The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether continuous method is as safe as intermittent method? This...

BACKGROUND Due to the painful nature of childbirth and its maternal and neonatal complications, the woman needs support in this phase of their life. Increased knowledge and skills during pregnancy prepares pregnant mothers for labor and leads to promoted health. AIM This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of "prenatal education" on the process of childbirth. SUBJECTS AND METHO...

Background: Due to the painful nature of childbirth and its maternal and neonatal complications, the woman needs support in this phase of their life. Increased knowledge and skills during pregnancy prepares pregnant mothers for labor and leads to promoted health. Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of “prenatal education” on the process of childbirth. Subjects and Methods...

Background: Giving birth is one of the most important events in a woman’s life and highly individualistic unique experience. Objectives: The study aimed to describe women’s childbirth experiences two state hospitals KwaZulu-Natal. Method: A non-experimental, quantitative, descriptive survey low-risk mothers was conducted by using Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Results: With response...

ABSTRACT
 Aim: Childbirth self-efficacy is very important for the type and management of birth. Women with high prefer vaginal delivery, manage labor pain more easily, need fewer analgesic interventions, experience complications at This study aimed to examine factor structure Self-Efficacy Inventory Short-Version (CBSEI-32) in Turkish pregnant women.
 Material Method: was conducted a ...